{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T03:36:05Z","timestamp":1794281765340,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"American Society of Hematology","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["ashpublications.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Autologous CAR-T cell therapy (CAR-T) has improved outcomes for patients with B-cell malignancies. It is associated with the well-described canonical toxicities cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), which may be abrogated by corticosteroids and the anti-IL6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab. Practitioners and researchers should be aware of additional toxicities. Here we review current understanding and management of hematologic toxicities after CAR-T, including cytopenias, coagulopathies, bleeding and clotting events, hemophagocytic-lymphohistiocytosis, and tumor lysis syndrome. We pay particular attention to cytopenias, recently termed immune effector cell-associated hematological toxicity (ICAHT). While the \u201cH\u201d is silent, hematotoxicity is not: ICAHT has the highest cumulative incidence of all immune adverse events following CAR-T. Early cytopenia (day 0-30) is closely linked to lymphodepleting chemotherapy and CRS-related inflammatory stressors. Late ICAHT (after day 30) can present either with or without antecedent count recovery (e.g., \u201cintermittent\u201d vs \u201caplastic\u201d phenotype), and requires careful evaluation and management strategies. Growth factor support is the mainstay of treatment, with recent evidence demonstrating safety and feasibility of early granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (e.g., within week 1). In G-CSF refractory cases, autologous stem cell boosts represent a promising treatment avenue, if available. The CAR-HEMATOTOX scoring system, validated for use across lymphoid malignancies (B-NHL, multiple myeloma), enables pretherapeutic risk assessment and presents the potential for risk-adapted management. Recent expert panels have led to diagnostic scoring criteria, severity grading systems, and management strategies for both ICAHT and the recently termed immune effector cell-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like syndrome (IEC-HS), now clarified and defined as a distinct entity from CRS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2023000472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T10:08:08Z","timestamp":1702030088000},"page":"198-208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Recognizing, defining, and managing CAR-T hematologic toxicities"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"2023","author":[{"given":"Kai","family":"Rejeski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"},{"name":"2 Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Subklewe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"},{"name":"2 Gene Center and Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick L.","family":"Locke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3 Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"234","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2116133","article-title":"Axicabtagene ciloleucel as second-line therapy for large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"386","author":"Locke","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022018730","article-title":"Lisocabtagene maraleucel as second-line therapy for large B-cell lymphoma: primary analysis of the phase 3 TRANSFORM study","volume":"141","author":"Abramson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10299","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01222-8","article-title":"KTE-X19 for relapsed or refractory adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: phase 2 results of the single-arm, open-label, multicentre ZUMA-3 study","volume":"398","author":"Shah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"14","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1914347","article-title":"KTE-X19 CAR T-cell therapy in relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma","volume":"382","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1817226","article-title":"Anti-BCMA CAR T-cell therapy bb2121 in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"380","author":"Raje","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-022-01691-w","article-title":"Indications for haematopoietic cell transplantation for haematological diseases, solid tumours and immune disorders: current practice in Europe, 2022","volume":"57","author":"Snowden","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-021-01227-8","article-title":"Hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapy survey of the EBMT: monitoring of activities and trends over 30 years","volume":"56","author":"Passweg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"24","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020010543","article-title":"CAR-HEMATOTOX: a model for CAR T-cell-related hematologic toxicity in relapsed\/refractory large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"138","author":"Rejeski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023020578","article-title":"Immune effector cell-associated hematotoxicity: EHA\/EBMT consensus grading and best practice recommendations","volume":"142","author":"Rejeski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-07-793760","article-title":"Infectious complications of CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell immunotherapy","volume":"131","author":"Hill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-004475","article-title":"The CAR-HEMATOTOX risk-stratifies patients for severe infections and disease progression after CD19 CAR-T in R\/R LBCL","volume":"10","author":"Rejeski","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"20","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C12","first-page":"2460","article-title":"How I treat cytopenias after CAR T-cell therapy","volume":"141","author":"Jain","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2019.08.003","article-title":"Late events after treatment with CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor modified T cells","volume":"26","author":"Cordeiro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-019-0487-3","article-title":"Early and late hematologic toxicity following CD19 CAR-T cells","volume":"54","author":"Fried","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05755-4","article-title":"Severe Candida glabrata pancolitis and fatal Aspergillus fumigatus pulmonary infection in the setting of bone marrow aplasia after CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy\u2014a case report","volume":"21","author":"Rejeski","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2951","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2022.2136748","article-title":"Cytopenias following anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy: a systematic analysis for contributing factors","volume":"54","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27056","article-title":"The CAR-HEMATOTOX score identifies patients at high risk for hematological toxicity, infectious complications, and poor treatment outcomes following brexucabtagene autoleucel for relapsed or refractory MCL","author":"Rejeski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"14","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2594","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01797","article-title":"Brexucabtagene autoleucel for relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma in standard-of-care practice: results from the US lymphoma CAR T consortium","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3606","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021006922","article-title":"Real-world evidence of brexucabtagene autoleucel for the treatment of relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma","volume":"6","author":"Iacoboni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01969-y","article-title":"A real-world comparison of tisagenlecleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel CAR T cells in relapsed or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma","volume":"28","author":"Bachy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"38","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadg3919","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg3919","article-title":"Severe hematotoxicity after CD19 CAR-T therapy is associated with suppressive immune dysregulation and limited CAR-T expansion","volume":"9","author":"Rejeski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-10-881722","article-title":"GM-CSF inhibition reduces cytokine release syndrome and neuroinflammation but enhances CAR-T cell function in xenografts","volume":"133","author":"Sterner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E399","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26313","article-title":"The impact of granulocyte colony stimulating factor on patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy","volume":"96","author":"Barreto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-020-01006-x","article-title":"G-CSF does not worsen toxicities and efficacy of CAR-T cells in refractory\/relapsed B-cell lymphoma","volume":"55","author":"Galli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-021-01526-0","article-title":"Effect of early granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor administration in the prevention of febrile neutropenia and impact on toxicity and efficacy of anti-CD19 CAR-T in patients with relapsed\/refractory B-cell lymphoma","volume":"57","author":"Lievin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-022-00741-2","article-title":"Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on toxicities after CAR T cell therapy for lymphoma and myeloma","volume":"12","author":"Miller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2023.01.011","article-title":"Associations of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with toxicities and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"25","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"issue":"15","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3776","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020002509","article-title":"Hematopoietic recovery in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for hematologic malignancies","volume":"4","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2016.10.020","article-title":"Phase 1 results of ZUMA-1: a multicenter study of KTE-C19 anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy in refractory aggressive lymphoma","volume":"25","author":"Locke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-019-0674-2","article-title":"Autologous hematopoietic stem cell infusion for sustained myelosuppression after BCMA\u2013CAR-T therapy in patient with relapsed myeloma","volume":"55","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transpl"},{"issue":"16","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4719","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022007776","article-title":"Safety and feasibility of stem cell boost as a salvage therapy for severe hematotoxicity after CD19 CAR T-cell therapy","volume":"6","author":"Rejeski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"9","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2023.05.012","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of CD34+ stem cell boost for delayed hematopoietic recovery after BCMA directed CAR T-cell therapy","volume":"29","author":"Davis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022008042","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell boost for persistent neutropenia after CAR T-cell therapy: a GLA\/DRST study","volume":"7","author":"Gagelmann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"16","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4715","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022007572","article-title":"CD34+-selected stem cell boost can safely improve cytopenias following CAR T-cell therapy","volume":"6","author":"Mullanfiroze","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e889","DOI":"10.1097\/HS9.0000000000000889","article-title":"An international survey on grading, diagnosis, and management of immune effector cell-associated hematotoxicity (ICAHT) following CAR T-cell therapy on behalf of the EBMT and EHA","volume":"7","author":"Rejeski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hemasphere"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2021-002721","article-title":"Thrombopoietin receptor agonists for acquired thrombocytopenia following anti-CD19 CAR-T-cell therapy: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Baur","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-022-04889-6","article-title":"Thrombopoietin receptor agonist for treating bone marrow aplasia following anti-CD19 CAR-T cells-single-center experience","volume":"101","author":"Beyar-Katz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022008066","article-title":"Prolonged thrombocytopenia after CAR T-cell therapy: the role of thrombopoietin receptor agonists","volume":"7","author":"Drillet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204062072199812","DOI":"10.1177\/2040620721998126","article-title":"Current evidence and the emerging role of eltrombopag in severe aplastic anemia","volume":"12","author":"Drexler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Adv Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2109965","article-title":"Eltrombopag added to immunosuppression in severe aplastic anemia","volume":"386","author":"Peffault de Latour","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6109","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022008320","article-title":"Early cytopenias and infections after standard of care idecabtagene vicleucel in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"6","author":"Logue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.238634","article-title":"Immune reconstitution and associated infections following axicabtagene ciloleucel in relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"106","author":"Logue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz1127","article-title":"Invasive mold infections after chimeric antigen receptor\u2013modified T-cell therapy: a case series, review of the literature, and implications for prophylaxis","volume":"71","author":"Haidar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"27","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3119","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.02104","article-title":"Standard-of-care axicabtagene ciloleucel for relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma: results from the US lymphoma CAR T consortium","volume":"38","author":"Nastoupil","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-023-01465-x","article-title":"The CAR-HEMATOTOX score as a prognostic model of toxicity and response in patients receiving BCMA-directed CAR-T for relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"16","author":"Rejeski","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e858","DOI":"10.1097\/HS9.0000000000000858","article-title":"Identifying early infections in the setting of CRS with routine and exploratory serum proteomics and the HT10 score following CD19 CAR-T for relapsed\/refractory B-NHL","volume":"7","author":"Rejeski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hemasphere"},{"issue":"30","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00374","article-title":"Antimicrobial prophylaxis for adult patients with cancer-related immunosuppression: ASCO and IDSA clinical practice guideline update","volume":"36","author":"Taplitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01702-9","article-title":"Gut microbiome correlates of response and toxicity following anti-CD19 CAR T cell therapy","volume":"28","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02234-6","article-title":"A non-antibiotic-disrupted gut microbiome is associated with clinical responses to CD19-CAR-T cell cancer immunotherapy","volume":"29","author":"Stein-Thoeringer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9228","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.5665","article-title":"Procalcitonin as a biomarker for predicting bacterial infection in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy recipients","volume":"12","author":"Powell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022009019","article-title":"Effective bridging therapy can improve CD19 CAR-T outcomes while maintaining safety in patients with large B-cell lymphoma","author":"Roddie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2022.2056172","article-title":"Acute and delayed cytopenias following CAR T-cell therapy: an investigation of risk factors and mechanisms","volume":"63","author":"Brudno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020004142","article-title":"Severe cytokine release syndrome is associated with hematologic toxicity following CD19 CAR T-cell therapy","volume":"6","author":"Juluri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"15","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021004554","article-title":"Clonal hematopoiesis in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy","volume":"5","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1158\/2643-3230.BCD-21-0177","article-title":"Clonal hematopoiesis is associated with increased risk of severe neurotoxicity in axicabtagene ciloleucel therapy of large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"3","author":"Saini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"20","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022017015","article-title":"Oligoclonal T-cell expansion in a patient with bone marrow failure after CD19 CAR-T therapy for Richter- transformed DLBCL","volume":"140","author":"Rejeski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2023.101158","article-title":"Prolonged cytopenia following CD19 CAR T cell therapy is linked with bone marrow infiltration of clonally expanded IFNgamma-expressing CD8 T cells","volume":"4","author":"Strati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3578","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-05-432906","article-title":"Interferon- gamma impairs proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells in mice","volume":"121","author":"de Bruin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/s40778-018-0139-3","article-title":"The role of interferon-gamma in hematopoietic stem cell development, homeostasis, and disease","volume":"4","author":"Morales-Mantilla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Stem Cell Rep"},{"issue":"18","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-3814","article-title":"The correlation factors and prognostic significance of coagulation disorders after chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in hematological malignancies: a cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C61","article-title":"Tumor interferon signaling and suppressive myeloid cells associate with CAR T cell failure in large B cell lymphoma","author":"Jain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-019-03685-z","article-title":"Improving the safety of CAR-T cell therapy by controlling CRS-related coagulopathy","volume":"98","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"issue":"26","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707447","article-title":"Axicabtagene ciloleucel CAR T-cell therapy in refractory large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"377","author":"Neelapu","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"17","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4086","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020002060","article-title":"Venous thromboembolism associated with CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy in large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"4","author":"Hashmi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"21","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4465","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021004716","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors associated with bleeding and thrombosis following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy","volume":"5","author":"Johnsrud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020002757","article-title":"Practical guidelines for monitoring and management of coagulopathy following tisagenlecleucel CAR T-cell therapy","volume":"5","author":"Buechner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"9","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24098349","article-title":"Thrombotic events are unusual toxicities of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies","volume":"24","author":"Schorr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2022.2030475","article-title":"Incidence of thrombosis in relapsed\/refractory B-cell lymphoma treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel: Mayo Clinic experience","volume":"63","author":"Melody","year":"2022","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"24","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021011898","article-title":"Characterization of HLH-like manifestations as a CRS variant in patients receiving CD22 CAR T cells","volume":"138","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.16155","article-title":"Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis has variable time to onset following CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy","volume":"187","author":"Hashmi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2023.03.006","article-title":"Immune effector cell-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like syndrome","volume":"29","author":"Hines","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transplant Cell Ther"},{"key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125357","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1125357","article-title":"Incidence, clinical characteristics and prognosis of tumor lysis syndrome following B-cell maturation antigen-targeted chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(18)30864-7","article-title":"Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1-2 trial","volume":"20","author":"Locke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804980","article-title":"Tisagenlecleucel in adult relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"380","author":"Schuster","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10254","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31366-0","article-title":"Lisocabtagene maraleucel for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas (TRANSCEND NHL 001): a multicentre seamless design study","volume":"396","author":"Abramson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01622-0","article-title":"Tisagenlecleucel in adult relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma: the phase 2 ELARA trial","volume":"28","author":"Fowler","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00591-X","article-title":"Axicabtagene ciloleucel in relapsed or refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (ZUMA-5): a single- arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial","volume":"23","author":"Jacobson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2024850","article-title":"Idecabtagene vicleucel in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"384","author":"Munshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2213614","article-title":"Ide-cel or standard regimens in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma","volume":"388","author":"Rodriguez-Otero","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10297","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00933-8","article-title":"Ciltacabtagene autoleucel, a B-cell maturation antigen-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (CARTITUDE-1): a phase 1b\/2 open-label study","volume":"398","author":"Berdeja","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2303379","article-title":"Cilta-cel or standard care in lenalidomide-refractory multiple myeloma","author":"San-Miguel","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2019.1697814","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors associated with a syndrome of persistent cytopenias after CAR-T cell therapy (PCTT)","volume":"61","author":"Nahas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.254045","article-title":"Hematopoietic recovery and immune reconstitution after axicabtagene ciloleucel in patients with large B-cell lymphoma","volume":"106","author":"Strati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702644","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.702644","article-title":"New-onset severe cytopenia after CAR-T cell therapy: analysis of 76 patients with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C85","first-page":"349","article-title":"GLA\/DRST real-world outcome analysis of CAR T-cell therapies for large B-cell lymphoma in Germany","volume":"140","author":"Bethge","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2022-006406","article-title":"Severe cytopenia after CD19 CAR T-cell therapy: a retrospective study from the EBMT Transplant Complications Working Party","volume":"11","author":"Penack","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"7(Suppl)","key":"2023120815053272500_hem2023000472C87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6718317","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HS9.0000967964.67183.17","article-title":"S263:Cytopenias, Age and Car- Hematotox Score Predict the Development of Post Car T-Cell Therapy- Related Myeloid Neoplasms","author":"Gurney","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hemasphere"}],"container-title":["Hematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/hematology\/article-pdf\/2023\/1\/198\/2175634\/198rejeski.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/hematology\/article-pdf\/2023\/1\/198\/2175634\/198rejeski.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T10:08:42Z","timestamp":1702030122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ashpublications.org\/hematology\/article\/2023\/1\/198\/506429\/Recognizing-defining-and-managing-CAR-T"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/hematology.2023000472","relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-4391","1520-4383"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-4391","type":"print"},{"value":"1520-4383","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]}}}