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The introduction of novel agents, such as thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide, has improved outcomes; however, elderly patients with MM are more susceptible to side effects and are often unable to tolerate full drug doses. For these patients, lower-dose-intensity regimens improve the safety profile and thus optimize treatment outcome. Further research into the best treatment strategies for vulnerable elderly patients is urgently needed. Appropriate screening for vulnerability and an assessment of cardiac, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, and neurologic functions, as well as age &gt; 75 years, at the start of therapy allows treatment strategies to be individualized and drug doses to be tailored to improve tolerability and optimize efficacy. Similarly, occurrence of serious nonhematologic adverse events during treatment should be carefully taken into account to adjust doses and optimize outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-06-358812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,14]],"date-time":"2011-08-14T00:15:07Z","timestamp":1313280907000},"page":"4519-4529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019cm0000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":283,"title":["Personalized therapy in multiple myeloma according to patient age and vulnerability: a report of the European Myeloma Network (EMN)"],"prefix":"10.1182","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azinda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. 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Giovanni Battista, Torino, Italy;"}]},{"given":"Heinz","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine I, Center of Oncology and Hematology, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria;"}]},{"given":"Meletios A.","family":"Dimopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics, University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece;"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Blad\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain;"}]},{"given":"Maria V.","family":"Mateos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Hematolog\u00eda, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, and Centro de Investigacion del Cancer, Instituto de Biologia Moleculary Cellular del Cancer (Universdad de Salamanca\u2013Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientifica), Salamanca, Spain;"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Rosi\u00f1ol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain;"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Boccadoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myeloma Unit, Division of Hematology, University of Torino, Azinda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Giovanni Battista, Torino, Italy;"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Cavo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto di Ematologia Ser\u00e0gnoli, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy;"}]},{"given":"Henk","family":"Lokhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands;"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Zweegman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Terpos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics, University of Athens School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital, Athens, Greece;"}]},{"given":"Faith","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United 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Aalborg, Denmark;"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Leal Da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Instituto Portugu\u00eas de Oncologia, Lisbon, Portugal;"}]},{"given":"Orhan","family":"Sezer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, Hamburg, Germany;"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Malignant Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Victoria, Australia;"}]},{"given":"Meral","family":"Beksac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey;"}]},{"given":"Gareth","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, London, United Kingdom;"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Einsele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine II, 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