{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T02:44:50Z","timestamp":1794192290423,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We conducted a meta-analysis of randomised trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of inhaled antibiotics in patients with stable non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We searched the Cochrane Airways Group Register of Trials from inception until March 2014.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    12 trials with 1264 adult patients were included, of which five were unpublished studies. Eight trials on 590 patients contributed data to the meta-analysis. Amikacin, aztreonam, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, colistin or tobramycin were used for 4 weeks to 12 months. Inhaled antibiotics were more effective than placebo or symptomatic treatment in reducing sputum bacterial load (five trials; weighted mean difference \u22122.65 log\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    CFU\u00b7g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , 95% CI -4.38\u2013 -0.92 log\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    CFU\u00b7g\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), eradicating the bacteria from sputum (six trials; risk ratio 4.2, 95% CI 1.66\u201310.64) and reducing the risk of acute exacerbations (five trials; risk ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.55\u20130.94). Bronchospasm occurred in 10% of patients treated with inhaled antibiotics compared with 2.3% in the control group (seven trials; risk ratio 2.96, 95% CI 1.30\u20136.73), but the two groups had the same withdrawal rate due to adverse events (12.2%).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Inhaled antibiotics may provide an effective suppressive antibiotic therapy with an acceptable safety profile in adult patients with stable non-CF bronchiectasis and chronic bronchial infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00018414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,13]],"date-time":"2014-06-13T04:00:17Z","timestamp":1402632017000},"page":"382-393","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Inhaled antibiotics for stable non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Alessandra Monteiro","family":"Brodt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Stovold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2209"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20132165","article-title":"Bronchiectasis: still a problem","volume":"127","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-0099"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra012519"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.5","first-page":"6","article-title":"Inflammation: a two-edged sword \u2013 the model of bronchiectasis","volume":"147","author":"Cole","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur J Respir Dis Suppl"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201203-0487OC"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.7","first-page":"CD001392","article-title":"Prolonged antibiotics for purulent bronchiectasis in children and adults","volume":"2","author":"Evans","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2700"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.2.9910086"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.10","unstructured":"Higgins JPT Green S . eds. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 5.1.0. Oxford, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2011."},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00071312"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.2013.783565"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.5.1503"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.112284"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.160.5.9810080"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.16","first-page":"229","article-title":"Avaliacao da resposta clinica ao uso de antibioticos por via oral e via inalatoria em pacientes portadores de bronquiectasias [Clinical response to inhalation and oral antibiotics in patients with bronchiectasis]","volume":"45","author":"de Lima","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.4.1420"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2007.01404.x"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2024","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.6.9196111","article-title":"Inhaled gentamicin reduces airway neutrophil activity and mucus secretion in bronchiectasis","volume":"155","author":"Lin","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.3_suppl.114S"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.21","unstructured":"Gilead Sciences. Safety and effectiveness of AZLI (an inhaled antibiotic) in adults with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (AIR-BX1). http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01313624 Date last updated: March 7, 2014. Date last accessed: March 10, 2014."},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.22","unstructured":"Gilead Sciences. Safety and effectiveness of AZLI (an inhaled antibiotic) in adults with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (AIR-BX2). Date last updated: March 7, 2014. Date last accessed: March 10, 2014."},{"issue":"Suppl. 57","key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.23","first-page":"877s","article-title":"Two phase 3 placebo-controlled trials of aztreonam lysine for inhalation (AZLI) for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB)","volume":"42","author":"Barker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.24","unstructured":"Aradigm Corp. Safety and efficacy study of ciprofloxacin for inhalation in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis \u201cORBIT-1\u201d. http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT00889967 Date last updated: August 27, 2012. Date last accessed: March 10, 2014."},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.25","unstructured":"Aradigm Reports Successful ORBIT-1 Bronchiectasis Study with Inhaled Liposomal Ciprofloxacin. Available from: www.drugs.com\/clinical_trials\/aradigm-reports-successful-orbit-1-bronchiectasis-study-inhaled-liposomal-ciprofloxacin-11989.html Date last updated: June 2011. Date last accessed: March 10, 2014."},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.26","unstructured":"Insmed. A study to determine the safety and tolerability of ArikaceTM versus placebo in patients who have bronchiectasis. http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/show\/NCT00775138 Date last updated: May 31, 2012. Date last accessed: March 10, 2014."},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.27","unstructured":"Insmed, Inc. TR02-107 trial report. Available from: www.insmed.com\/pdf\/Pub9%209_13_09.pdf Date last updated: September 13, 2009. Date last accessed: March 10, 2014."},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.1793868"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1E099"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201312-2208OC"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201005-0756OC"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(99)90090-2"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2013-203207"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/aarc0537"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.35","first-page":"CD001021","article-title":"Inhaled antibiotics for long-term therapy in cystic fibrosis","volume":"3","author":"Ryan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.136119"},{"key":"2024102022503550000_44.2.382.37","first-page":"MR000006","article-title":"Publication bias in clinical trials due to statistical significance or direction of trial results","volume":"1","author":"Hopewell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00018414","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T01:50:51Z","timestamp":1740361851000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00018414"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/09031936.00018414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.00018414","relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,12]]}}}