{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T08:54:28Z","timestamp":1762505668557,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of the present study was to compare the performance of the interferon (IFN)-\u03b3 tests (QuantiFERON\u00ae-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-G-IT) and T-SPOT\u00ae.<jats:italic>TB<\/jats:italic>) with the tuberculin skin test (TST) in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) infection in children, and to analyse discordant results.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This was a prospective study including 98 children from contact-tracing studies and 68 children with TST indurations \u22655 mm recruited during public health screenings.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Positive IFN-\u03b3 tests results were associated with risk of exposure (p&lt;0.0001). T-SPOT.<jats:italic>TB<\/jats:italic>was positive in 11 (78.6%) out of 14 cases with active TB and QFT-G-IT in nine (64.3%) out of 14 cases. Sensitised T-cells against<jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic>were detected in six out of 12 children not vaccinated with bacille Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin (BCG), a TST induration 5\u20139 mm in diameter and both IFN-\u03b3 tests negative. In concordant IFN-\u03b3 tests results, a positive correlation was found (p = 0.0001) between the number of responding cells and the amount of IFN-\u03b3 released. However, in discordant IFN-\u03b3 tests results this correlation was negative (p = 0.371): an increase in the number of spot-forming cells correlated with a decrease in the amount of IFN-\u03b3 released.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The use of IFN-\u03b3 tests is helpful for the diagnosis of TB infection, avoiding cross-reactions with BCG immunisation and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. 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