{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:57:19Z","timestamp":1793876239762,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["ersjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Studies of programmes of self-management support for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been inconclusive. The Self-Management Programme of Activity, Coping and Education (SPACE) FOR COPD is a 6-week self-management intervention for COPD, and this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention in primary care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A single-blind randomised controlled trial recruited people with COPD from primary care and randomised participants to receive usual care or SPACE FOR COPD. Outcome measures were performed at baseline, 6 weeks and 6 months. The primary outcome was symptom burden, measured by the self-reported Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ-SR) dyspnoea domain. Secondary outcomes included other domains of the CRQ-SR, shuttle walking tests, disease knowledge, anxiety, depression, self-efficacy, smoking status and healthcare utilisation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>184 people with COPD were recruited and randomised. At 6 weeks, there were significant differences between groups in CRQ-SR dyspnoea, fatigue and emotion scores, exercise performance, anxiety, and disease knowledge. At 6 months, there was no between-group difference in change in CRQ-SR dyspnoea. Exercise performance, anxiety and smoking status were significantly different between groups at 6 months, in favour of the intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This brief self-management intervention did not improve dyspnoea over and above usual care at 6 months; however, there were gains in anxiety, exercise performance, and disease knowledge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00047814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,4]],"date-time":"2014-09-04T09:33:01Z","timestamp":1409823181000},"page":"1538-1547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["A self-management programme for COPD: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Katy 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