{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T01:08:19Z","timestamp":1777424899008,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,7]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, statins have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on lung inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms of action of simvastatin in viral pneumonia have yet to be elucidated, although viral infection remains a considerable health threat. In this study, we hypothesised that simvastatin inhibits polyinosinic\u2013polycytidylic acid (poly I:C)-induced airway inflammation, such as RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) expression and inflammatory cell recruitment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In bronchial cells, the effect of simvastatin on poly I:C-induced RANTES expression and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3-mediated signal transduction was determined using an ELISA and short hairpin (sh)RNA system. In a poly I:C-induced pneumonia mouse model, immunological changes in the lungs after simvastatin inhalation, such as inflammatory cell recruitment and cytokine\/chemokine release, were examined.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In poly I:C-stimulated bronchial cells, RANTES secretion was increased by STAT3 activation, and simvastatin suppressed poly I:C-induced STAT3 activation, resulting in inhibition of RANTES expression. In BALB\/c mice stimulated with inhaled poly I:C, RANTES expression and neutrophil infiltration into the airway were elevated. However, simvastatin treatment attenuated STAT3 activation, RANTES release and subsequent neutrophilia in the lungs.<\/jats:p><jats:p>These findings suggest that simvastatin inhibits airway inflammation, but there are other mechanisms that need to be fully elucidated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00050612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,27]],"date-time":"2012-07-27T07:31:31Z","timestamp":1343374291000},"page":"1147-1156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Simvastatin suppresses RANTES-mediated neutrophilia in polyinosinic\u2013polycytidylic acid-induced pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Chang Seok","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Hee","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin-Ku","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheolhee","family":"Won","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min Kyung","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Mok","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myung-Hee","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung Weon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Hyun","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Kyu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199511163332001"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1839"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.11.027"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200810-1584OC"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-1997"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.19.2081"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.4.701"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-0888"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200502-018AW"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-9255-2-16"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/347669a0"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314618"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3038.1999.101005.x"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.18.2.2822"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5332.1630"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.10.6191"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:PHAR.0000026823.82950.ff"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2012.01.012"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2010.04.005"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3810\/hp.2011.04.398"},{"key":"2024102021145337000_41.5.1147.21","first-page":"1455","volume":"12","author":"McDowell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Simvastatin is protective during Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. 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