{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T03:36:44Z","timestamp":1770435404558,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to explore the effect of mandibular advancement splints (MAS) on upper airway anatomy during wakefulness in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Patients commencing treatment for OSA with MAS were recruited. Response to treatment was defined by a \u226550% reduction in the apnoea\/hypopnoea index. Nasopharyngoscopy was performed in the supine position.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Nasopharyngoscopy was performed in 18 responders and 17 nonresponders. Mandibular advancement caused an increase in the calibre of the velopharynx (mean\u00b1<jats:sc>sem<\/jats:sc>+40\u00b110%), with relatively minor changes occurring in the oropharynx and hypopharynx. An increase in cross-sectional area of the velopharynx with mandibular advancement occurred to a greater extent in responders than nonresponders (+56\u00b116%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>+22\u00b113%; p&lt;0.05). Upper airway collapse during the M\u00fcller manoeuvre, relative to the baseline cross-sectional area, was greater in nonresponders than responders in the velopharynx (-94\u00b14%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>-69\u00b19%; p&lt;0.01) and oropharynx (-37\u00b16%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>-16\u00b13%; p&lt;0.01). When the M\u00fcller manoeuvre was performed with mandibular advancement, airway collapse was greater in nonresponders than responders in the velopharynx (-80\u00b111%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>+9\u00b137%; p&lt;0.001), oropharynx (-36\u00b16%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>-20\u00b15%; p&lt;0.05) and hypopharynx (-64\u00b16%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>-42\u00b16%; p&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p>These results indicate that velopharyngeal calibre is modified by MAS treatment and this may be useful for predicting treatment response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00077409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,25]],"date-time":"2009-09-25T12:56:10Z","timestamp":1253883370000},"page":"836-842","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Nasopharyngoscopic evaluation of oral appliance therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"A. S. 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