{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:27:59Z","timestamp":1790404079820,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Group-specific component (Gc) variants of vitamin D binding protein differ in their affinity for vitamin D metabolites that modulate antimycobacterial immunity. We conducted studies to determine whether Gc genotype associates with susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB).<\/jats:p><jats:p>The following subjects were recruited into case\u2013control studies: in the UK, 123 adult TB patients and 140 controls, all of Gujarati Asian ethnic origin; in Brazil, 130 adult TB patients and 78 controls; and in South Africa, 281 children with TB and 182 controls. Gc genotypes were determined and their frequency was compared between cases<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>controls. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were obtained retrospectively for 139 Gujarati Asians, and case-control analysis was stratified by vitamin D status. Interferon (IFN)-\u03b3 release assays were also performed on 36 Gujarati Asian TB contacts.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The Gc2\/2 genotype was strongly associated with susceptibility to active TB in Gujarati Asians, compared with Gc1\/1 genotype (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.19\u20136.66; p\u200a=\u200a0.009). This association was preserved if serum 25(OH)D was &lt;20\u2005nmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>(p\u200a=\u200a0.01) but not if serum 25(OH)D was \u226520\u2005nmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>(p\u200a=\u200a0.36).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Carriage of the Gc2 allele was associated with increased PPD of tuberculin-stimulated IFN-\u03b3 release in Gujarati Asian TB contacts (p\u200a=\u200a0.02). No association between Gc genotype and susceptibility to TB was observed in other ethnic groups studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00087009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,25]],"date-time":"2009-09-25T12:56:10Z","timestamp":1253883370000},"page":"1106-1112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Association between Gc genotype and susceptibility to TB is dependent on vitamin D status"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"A. R.","family":"Martineau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. C. C. S.","family":"Leandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. T.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. M.","family":"Newton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. A.","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. P.","family":"Nicol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. M.","family":"Pienaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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