{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T16:03:31Z","timestamp":1791129811537,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Serum surfactant protein (SP)-A has been postulated to associate with pulmonary fibrosis, but its role in cigarette smoking-related lung diseases is undefined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>SP-A levels in plasma and induced sputum in nonsmokers, smokers with respiratory symptoms (cough and\/or phlegm) and symptom-free smokers were assessed using a validated EIA method. A total of 474 current smokers without any diseases or medications were enrolled and followed for 2 yrs with 111 of them succeeding in stopping.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Plasma SP-A level was detectable in all subjects and elevated in smokers independently of the symptoms compared to nonsmokers (p = 0.001). After 2 yrs of follow-up, the SP-A level was higher in those who continued smoking compared to the quitters (p&lt;0.001). Plasma SP-A levels were associated with age, smoking history and lung function. Sputum (n = 109) SP-A was nondetectable in most nonsmokers, whereas smoking and symptoms increased sputum SP-A highly significantly (p = 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In conclusion, SP-A may be involved in pathogenesis of cigarette smoking-related lung diseases. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of SP-A in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00110510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,22]],"date-time":"2011-02-22T14:20:53Z","timestamp":1298384453000},"page":"277-284","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Elevation of surfactant protein A in plasma and sputum in cigarette smokers"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Mazur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Toljamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ohlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Vuopala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.L.","family":"Kinnula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00081102"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.1.52"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-2209"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.2.617"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.1.9903014","article-title":"Serum levels of surfactant proteins A and D are useful biomarkers for interstitial lung disease in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis","volume":"162","author":"Takahashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2683(20000701)21:13<2703::AID-ELPS2703>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.7","first-page":"13","article-title":"Serum surfactant protein-A levels in chronic bronchitis and its relation to smoking","volume":"47","author":"Behera","year":"2005","journal-title":"Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10092124"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13547500801903651"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007617"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.02042001"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.12","first-page":"399","article-title":"Surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D in human health and disease","volume":"53","author":"Kishore","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.10.014"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.14","first-page":"L1","article-title":"Surfactant protein A and surfactant protein D in health and disease","volume":"275","author":"Mason","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2009-0284OC"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200701-018AW"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1528"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chuang CY Chen TL Chen RM . Molecular mechanisms of lipopolysaccharide-caused induction of surfactant protein-A gene expression in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Toxicol Lett 2009; 15;19: 132\u2013139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2009.08.015"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-008-0203-9","article-title":"The alteration and significance of surfactant protein A in rats chronically exposed to cigarette smoke","volume":"28","author":"Hu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000082312"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2008.01362.x","article-title":"Altered expression of antimicrobial molecules in cigarette smoke-exposed emphysematous mice lungs","volume":"13","author":"Shibata","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1996.0222"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.123.3.778"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2001.1195"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.16b10.x"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/pr800423x"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02813431003630105"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.961217253.x"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.30","unstructured":"Global Strategy for Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, 2010. Available from: www.goldcopd.com ."},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/00365518209168377","article-title":"Spirometric studies in non-smoking, healthy adults","volume":"159","author":"Viljanen","year":"1982","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl"},{"issue":"Suppl. 37","key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1s","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00000102","article-title":"Standardised methodology of sputum induction and processing","volume":"20","author":"Djukanovic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00002402"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-7-69"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2002-0274OC"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.3.9910080"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.5.1288"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2007.01.003"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.4.1006"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-1029"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1042\/cs1000231","article-title":"Evaluation of pulmonary alveolar epithelial integrity by the detection of restriction to diffusion of hydrophilic solutes of different molecular sizes","volume":"100","author":"Mason","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.83.1.6"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.2.9804080"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00064004"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00007608"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2006.20.2892"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.47","first-page":"L660","article-title":"Surfactant proteins A and D in Eustachian tube epithelium","volume":"281","author":"Paananen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.48","first-page":"L1050","article-title":"A new tool to investigate differences between human SP-A1 and SP-A2","volume":"292","author":"Oberley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2024102020330722000_38.2.277.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15412550903051799"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00110510","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T01:28:34Z","timestamp":1740360514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00110510"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,27]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/09031936.00110510"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.00110510","relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,27]]}}}