{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T01:06:17Z","timestamp":1790643977391,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>There is growing evidence that asthma symptoms can be aggravated or events triggered by exposure to indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) emitted from unflued gas heating.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The impact of NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>on the respiratory health of children with asthma was explored as a secondary analysis of a randomised community trial, involving 409 households during the winter period in 2006 (June to September).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Geometric mean indoor NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels were 11.4 \u03bcg\u00b7m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>, while outdoor NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels were 7.4 \u03bcg\u00b7m<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>. Higher indoor NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels (per logged unit increase) were associated with greater daily reports of lower (mean ratio 14, 95% CI 1.12\u20131.16) and upper respiratory tract symptoms (mean ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.00\u20131.05), more frequent cough and wheeze, and more frequent reliever use during the day, but had no effect on preventer use. Higher indoor NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>levels (per logged unit increase) were associated with a decrease in morning (-17.25 mL, 95% CI -27.63\u2013 -6.68) and evening (-13.21, 95% CI -26.03\u2013 -0.38) forced expiratory volume in 1 s readings. Outdoor NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>was not associated with respiratory tract symptoms, asthma symptoms, medication use or lung function measurements.<\/jats:p><jats:p>These findings indicate that reducing NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>exposure indoors is important in improving the respiratory health of children with asthma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00115409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,23]],"date-time":"2010-12-23T03:29:00Z","timestamp":1293074940000},"page":"303-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["The respiratory health effects of nitrogen dioxide in children with asthma"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Gillespie-Bennett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Pierse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Wickens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Crane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Howden-Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"and the Housing Heating and Health Study Research Team","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102020311731000_38.2.303.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200408-1123OC"},{"key":"2024102020311731000_38.2.303.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyh018"},{"key":"2024102020311731000_38.2.303.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1080\/00039890209602928","article-title":"The Po River Delta (North Italy) indoor epidemiological study: effects of pollutant exposure on acute respiratory symptoms and respiratory function in adults","volume":"57","author":"Simoni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Environ Health"},{"key":"2024102020311731000_38.2.303.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/29.5.862"},{"key":"2024102020311731000_38.2.303.5","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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