{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T18:49:53Z","timestamp":1781808593357,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although children commonly travel to high altitudes, their respiratory adaptation to hypoxia remains elusive. Therefore, in the present study respiratory inductive plethysmography, pulse oximetry (<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>p,O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>) and end-tidal CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>tension (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>ET,CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>) were recorded in 20 pre-pubertal children (aged 9\u201312\u2005yrs) and their fathers during 1\u2005night in Zurich (490\u2005m) and 2\u2005nights at the Swiss Jungfrau-Joch research station (3,450\u2005m) following ascent by train within &lt;3\u2005h.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In children, mean\u00b1<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>nocturnal<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>p,O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>fell from 98\u00b11% at 490\u2005m to 85\u00b14 and 86\u00b14% at 3,450\u2005m (nights 1 and 2, respectively);<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>ET,CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>decreased significantly from 37\u00b16 to 32\u00b13 and 33\u00b14\u2005mmHg (3,450<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>490\u2005m). In adults, changes in nocturnal<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>p,O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>and<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>ET,CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>at 3,450\u2005m were similar to those in children.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Children spent less time in periodic breathing at 3,450\u2005m during night 1 and 2 (8\u00b111 and 9\u00b113%, respectively) than adults (34\u00b124 and 22\u00b117%, respectively), and their apnoea threshold for CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>was lower compared with adults (27\u00b12 and 30\u00b12\u2005mmHg, respectively, both nights).<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>p,O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>ET,CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:sub>and time in periodic breathing at altitude were not correlated between children and their fathers.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In conclusion, children revealed a similarly reduced nocturnal O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>saturation and associated hyperventilation at high altitude as adults but their breathing pattern was more stable, possibly related to a lower apnoea threshold for CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00119807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,21]],"date-time":"2008-02-21T01:26:48Z","timestamp":1203557208000},"page":"189-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Children at high altitude have less nocturnal periodic breathing than adults"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Kohler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kriemler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. M.","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Brunner-LaRocca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zehnder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. E.","family":"Bloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/15270290152608561"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1987.63.1.401","volume":"63","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2004.00576.x"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.57.4.1089","volume":"57","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1983.sp014906"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/145.4_Pt_1.817","volume":"145","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(95)00057-7"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00006504"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1748","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.6.8970365","volume":"154","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(83)90086-5"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1982.53.3.644","volume":"53","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1956.187.2.395","volume":"187","year":"1956","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(79)90070-7"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2110041"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.76.1.314","volume":"76","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1580\/1080-6032(2002)013[0031:AMSITW]2.0.CO;2","volume":"13","year":"2002","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ Med"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1024585"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2006.7.256"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.44.235.291"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.45.239.13"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.21","first-page":"1063","volume":"54","year":"1983","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1989.66.1.410","volume":"66","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10030576","volume":"10","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/15.5.461","volume":"15","year":"1992","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1984.56.3.576","volume":"56","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/22.5.667","volume":"22","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/25.1.72","volume":"25","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/6.3.234","volume":"6","year":"1983","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00440.2005"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.028985"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/152702903321488988"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.65.1.309","volume":"65","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.00269.x"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.2.8756809"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.153.6.8665047"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00298.2004"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950170106"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2001.012507"},{"key":"2024102019322222000_32.1.189.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.77.5.2079","volume":"77","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00119807","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T06:09:03Z","timestamp":1740377343000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00119807"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/09031936.00119807"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.00119807","relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,20]]}}}