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The earlier studies show that this is energetically opposite to a minimal work or force pattern and is responsible for dyspnoea and exercise limitation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This information, available for &gt;30\u2005yrs leads to three virtually untested hypotheses: 1) training patients to breathe slowly and deeply transiently during exercise should decrease the work of breathing, dynamic hyperinflation and improve exercise performance; 2) rapid shallow breathing is caused by alveolar and bronchial inflammation that stimulates non-myelinated vagal C-fibre afferents, which are known to cause this breathing pattern; and 3) if so, therapeutic efforts to block these afferents might restore a slow-deep pattern and be beneficial, particularly in COPD exacerbations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00120609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,1]],"date-time":"2010-03-01T01:23:04Z","timestamp":1267406584000},"page":"676-680","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Therapeutic implications of the pathophysiology of COPD"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"P. 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