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This information would enhance control efforts and assist the evaluation of new treatment regimes.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We designed a two-group, two-arm, randomised clinical study of tuberculin skin test-positive participants: 26 with documented contact with TB patients and 34 with non-documented contact. Participants in each group were randomly assigned to the immediate- or deferred-isoniazid treatment arms. Assays of<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>interferon (IFN)-\u03b3 secretion in response to recombinant Rv1737 and overlapping synthetic peptide pools from various groups of immunodominant proteins were performed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>During isoniazid therapy, a significant increase from baseline in the proportion of IFN-\u03b3 responders to the 10-kDa culture filtrate protein, Rv2031, Rv0849, Rv1986, Rv2659c, Rv2693c and the recombinant Rv1737 protein was observed (p\u2a7d0.05). The peptide pool of Rv0849 and Rv1737 recombinant proteins induced the highest percentage of IFN-\u03b3 responders after isoniazid therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>IFN-\u03b3 responses to these proteins might represent useful markers to evaluate changes associated with treatment of latent TB infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00123314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,31]],"date-time":"2014-10-31T05:09:14Z","timestamp":1414732154000},"page":"473-482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effect of isoniazid on antigen-specific interferon-\u03b3 secretion in latent tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Martha","family":"Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Cruz-Hervert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinner","family":"Guio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Carranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leticia","family":"Ferreyra-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Canizales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Ferreira-Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma","family":"T\u00e9llez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rogelio","family":"Montero-Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Delgado-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma","family":"Mongua-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Sifuentes-Osornio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Ponce-de Leon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Sada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas B.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102023092224000_45.2.473.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031912-114431"},{"key":"2024102023092224000_45.2.473.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2236"},{"key":"2024102023092224000_45.2.473.3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. 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