{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:50:10Z","timestamp":1775868610813,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sputum and lung function were periodically assessed in stable moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outpatients to determine relationships between bronchial colonisation and inflammation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Relationships between potentially pathogenic microorganism (PPM) typology, bronchial inflammation (neutrophilia, tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1, interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-12) and post-bronchodilator decline in forced expiratory volume in 1\u2005s (FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) were analysed. PPMs periodically showing the same molecular profile using pulse field gel electrophoresis were considered long-term persistent.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Bronchial colonisation was observed in 56 out of 79 follow-up examinations (70.9%) and was mainly due to<jats:italic>Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>and enterobacteria (n\u200a=\u200a47). These PPMs were all related to sputum neutrophilia (p\u22640.05, Chi-squared test), and<jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>was related to higher levels of IL-1\u03b2 (p\u200a=\u200a0.005) and IL-12 (p\u200a=\u200a0.01), with a dose\u2013response relationship (Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficient of 0.38 for IL-1\u03b2 (p\u200a=\u200a0.001), and of 0.32 for IL-12 (p\u200a=\u200a0.006)).<jats:italic>Haemophilus parainfluenzae<\/jats:italic>was not associated with an identifiable inflammatory response. Long-term persistence of the same strain was observed in 12 examinations (21.4%), mainly due to<jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>or enterobacteria. A neutrophilic bronchial inflammatory response was associated with a statistically significant decline in FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>during follow-up (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.07\u20136.62).<\/jats:p><jats:p>A load-related relationship to bronchial inflammation in moderate COPD was observed for colonisation by<jats:italic>H. influenzae<\/jats:italic>, but not for colonisation by<jats:italic>H. parainfluenzae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00126808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,31]],"date-time":"2009-07-31T01:38:33Z","timestamp":1249004313000},"page":"295-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Variability and effects of bronchial colonisation in patients with moderate COPD"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Marin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Mons\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Garcia-Nu\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Sauleda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Noguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Pons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Agust\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Morera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.8.891"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.2.317"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200210-1179OC"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00507-6"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012561"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00047504"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00108904"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00027705"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.9","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. www.goldcopd.com Date last updated: 2007. Date last accessed: August 12, 2008"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.117.5_suppl_2.398S"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.11","first-page":"1302","volume":"106","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.91.6.79S"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07050954"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/136.5.1285"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.15","first-page":"217","volume":"22","year":"1986","journal-title":"Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.47.1.25"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.2.8756799"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.2.2003122"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.19","first-page":"339","volume":"50","year":"1975","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.20","first-page":"39","volume":"52","year":"1977","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.48.8.719"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.22","unstructured":"Balows A, Hausler WJ, Herrmann KL, et al. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 5th Edn. Washington, American Society of Microbiology, 1991"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10051137"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200703-417OC"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/509824"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.26","first-page":"625","volume":"38","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.11.953","volume":"53","year":"1998","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.57.9.759"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.55.7.623"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2006.08.043"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2001.1113"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2002.1454"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.118.6.1557"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.99.14510159"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.3.9908103"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(01)00243-4"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01533364"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.38","first-page":"683","volume":"23","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200509-1525OC"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200506-859OC"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.5.9908022"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200412-1687OC"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.1.37"},{"key":"2024102020004905000_35.2.295.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.9.2105011"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00126808","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T06:27:55Z","timestamp":1740378475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.00126808"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,30]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/09031936.00126808"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.00126808","relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,30]]}}}