{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T19:06:35Z","timestamp":1788375995130,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Incense burning is a popular practice in many family homes and temples. However, little is known about the effects of indoor incense burning and genetic polymorphisms on asthma. This study evaluated the effects of indoor incense burning and glutathione<jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>-transferase (GST) genetic polymorphisms on asthma and wheeze.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In 2007, 3,764 seventh-grade schoolchildren (mean\u00b1<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>age 12.42\u00b10.65 yrs) were evaluated using a standard questionnaire for information about respiratory symptoms and environmental exposures. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to assess the association between GST polymorphisms and incense burning frequency on asthma and wheeze, after adjusting for potential confounders.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The frequency of incense burning at home was associated with increased risk of current asthma (p = 0.05), medication use (p = 0.03) and exercise wheeze (p = 0.001). GST\u03b81 (<jats:italic>GSTT1<\/jats:italic>) null genotypes were associated with current asthma (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.00\u20132.04) and medication use (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.01\u20132.22).<jats:italic>GSTT1<\/jats:italic>showed a significant interactive effect with incense burning on current asthma, current wheeze and nocturnal wheeze. The frequency of incense burning was associated with increased risk of current asthma, medication use, lifetime wheeze, nocturnal wheeze and exercise wheeze in an exposure\u2013response manner among children with<jats:italic>GSTT1<\/jats:italic>null genotype (p&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Incense burning is a risk factor for asthma and wheezing, especially in<jats:italic>GSTT1<\/jats:italic>genetically susceptible children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00137210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,26]],"date-time":"2010-11-26T01:55:03Z","timestamp":1290736503000},"page":"1371-1377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Glutathione<i>S<\/i>-transferase, incense burning and asthma in children"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"I-J.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C-H.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C-H.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K-Y.","family":"Tung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.L.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102020295593000_37.6.1371.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61022-8","article-title":"Prevalence and severity of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in 13- to 14-year-old children in Taipei, Taiwan","volume":"95","author":"Yan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"2024102020295593000_37.6.1371.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38057.583727.47"},{"key":"2024102020295593000_37.6.1371.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.6.1098"},{"key":"2024102020295593000_37.6.1371.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2004.008011"},{"key":"2024102020295593000_37.6.1371.5","unstructured":"Environmental Protection Bureau. 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