{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T23:51:15Z","timestamp":1790034675559,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although there is a strong correlation between oral\/oro-nasal breathing and apnoea\/hypopnoea index in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea and normal nasal resistance at wakefulness, it remains unknown whether the pharmacological prevention of potential nasal obstruction during sleep could decrease oral\/oro-nasal breathing and increase nasal breathing and subsequently decrease the apnoea\/hypopnoea index. This study evaluated the effect of a combination of a nasal decongestant with corticosteroid on breathing route pattern and apnoea\/hypopnoea index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>21 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (mean apnoea\/hypopnoea index 31.1 events per hour) and normal nasal resistance at wakefulness were enrolled in a randomised crossover trial of 1 weeks\u2019 treatment with nasal tramazoline and dexamethasone compared with 1 weeks\u2019 treatment with nasal placebo. At the start and end of each treatment period, patients underwent nasal resistance measurement and overnight polysomnography with attendant measurement of breathing route pattern.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Nasal tramazoline with dexamethasone was associated with decrease in oral\/oro-nasal breathing epochs and concomitant increase in nasal breathing epochs, and mean decrease of apnoea\/hypopnoea index by 21%. The change in nasal breathing epochs was inversely related to the change in apnoea\/hypopnoea index (R\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    =0.78; p&lt;0.001).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In conclusion, nasal tramazoline with dexamethasone in OSA patients with normal nasal resistance at wakefulness can restore the preponderance of nasal breathing epochs and modestly improve apnoea\/hypopnoea index.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00142312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,8]],"date-time":"2013-02-08T20:49:48Z","timestamp":1360356588000},"page":"1055-1063","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The effect of nasal tramazoline with dexamethasone in obstructive sleep apnoea patients"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Koutsourelakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aliki","family":"Minaritzoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Zakynthinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Vagiakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spyros","family":"Zakynthinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Nasal physiology and defense of the lungs","volume":"115","author":"Proctor","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00658.2002"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.3","first-page":"115","article-title":"Breathing route during sleep","volume":"134","author":"Gleeson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489009125169","article-title":"Nose\/mouth distribution of respiratory airflow in \u2018mouth breathing children\u2019","volume":"109","author":"Lieberman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh)"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.16d12.x"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00032007"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.7","first-page":"50","article-title":"Intranasal corticosteroid therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea in patients with co-existing rhinitis","volume":"59","author":"Kiely","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00087607"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00058406"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00517.2006"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280050585"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199502000-00012"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2008.00667.x"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(98)70275-1"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.15","first-page":"169","article-title":"Consensus report on acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry","volume":"43","author":"Clement","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/22.5.667"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.17","first-page":"469","article-title":"Hypopnea in sleep-disordered breathing in adults","volume":"24","author":"Meoli","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","article-title":"A new method for measuring sleepiness: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale","volume":"12","author":"Johns","year":"1991","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024102021335410000_42.4.1055.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jones B Kenward MG . eds. 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