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In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and hypoxia, there is a decrease in oedema fluid clearance, due in part to the downregulation of plasma membrane sodium\u2013potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na,K-ATPase).<\/jats:p><jats:p>In alveolar epithelial cells, acute hypoxia promotes Na,K-ATPase endocytosis from the plasma membrane to intracellular compartments, resulting in inhibition of Na,K-ATPase activity. Exposure to prolonged hypoxia leads to degradation of plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The downregulation of plasma membrane Na,K-ATPase reduces adenosine triphosphate demand, as part of a survival mechanism of cellular adaptation to hypoxia. Hypoxia has also been shown to disassemble and degrade the keratin intermediate filament network, a fundamental component of the cell cytoskeleton, affecting epithelial barrier function.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Accordingly, better understanding of the mechanisms regulating cellular adaptation to hypoxia may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for acute respiratory distress syndrome and high-altitude pulmonary oedema patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00155507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,30]],"date-time":"2008-04-30T17:39:15Z","timestamp":1209577155000},"page":"1107-1113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Regulation of alveolar epithelial function by hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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