{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:04:45Z","timestamp":1791158685059,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Abnormal diffusing capacity is common in HIV-infected individuals, including never smokers. Aetiologies for diffusing capacity impairment in HIV are not understood, particularly in those without a history of cigarette smoking.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Our study was a cross-sectional analysis of 158 HIV-infected individuals without acute respiratory symptoms or infection with the aim to determine associations between a diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>) % predicted and participant demographics, pulmonary spirometric measures (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) and FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/forced vital capacity), radiographic emphysema (fraction of lung voxels &lt; -950 Hounsfield units), pulmonary vascular\/cardiovascular disease (echocardiographic tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide) and airway inflammation (induced sputum cell counts), stratified by history of smoking.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The mean<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>was 65.9% predicted, and 55 (34.8%) participants had a significantly reduced<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>(&lt;60% predicted). Lower<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>% predicted in ever-smokers was associated with lower post-bronchodilator FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>% predicted (p&lt;0.001) and greater radiographic emphysema (p=0.001). In never-smokers, mean\u00b1<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc><jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>was 72.7\u00b113.4% predicted, and<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>correlated with post-bronchodilator FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>(p=0.02), sputum neutrophils (p=0.03) and sputum lymphocytes (p=0.009), but not radiographic emphysema.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Airway obstruction, emphysema and inflammation influence<jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>in HIV. Never-smokers may have a unique phenotype of diffusing capacity impairment. The interaction of multiple factors may account for the pervasive nature of diffusing capacity impairment in HIV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00157712","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,22]],"date-time":"2013-02-22T04:04:25Z","timestamp":1361505865000},"page":"195-203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Contributors to diffusion impairment in HIV-infected persons"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Matthew 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