{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T09:53:30Z","timestamp":1769162010271,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>T-cell responses towards tuberculin (purified protein derivative; PPD) or the<jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>-specific antigens early secretory antigenic target (ESAT)-6 and culture filtrate protein-10 are indicative of prior contact with mycobacterial antigens. In this study, we investigated the exceptional case of a 75-yr-old patient who devoted more than one-third of his CD4 T-cells against PPD and ESAT-6.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Antigen-specific T-cells were characterised using flow cytometric intracellular cytokine staining, ELISPOT assay, proliferation assays, and T-cell receptor spectratyping.<\/jats:p><jats:p>T-cell frequencies were far above those found in age-matched controls (median 0.33%, range 0.05\u20136.32%) and remained at high levels for &gt;2 yrs. The patient initially presented with haemoptysis, but active tuberculosis was ruled out by repeated analysis of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Skin testing was negative and haemoptyses did not have a<jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>-related aetiology. Phenotypical and functional properties of specific T-cells were consistent with a terminally differentiated effector-memory phenotype with capacity to produce interferon-\u03b3, interleukin-2 and tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1. Epitope mapping showed that the CD4 T-cells were directed against a single peptide from ESAT-6 (amino acid 5\u201320) that was presented in context of HLA-DR. T-cell receptor V\u03b2-spectratyping and sequencing of specific CD4 T-cells revealed a prominent peak fraction of monoclonal origin.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In conclusion, similar to monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance, this may represent the first T-cell counterpart with known specificity against<jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00175611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,21]],"date-time":"2012-01-21T06:00:05Z","timestamp":1327125605000},"page":"152-160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Massive monoclonal expansion of CD4 T-cells specific for a<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>ESAT-6 peptide"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Tobias","family":"Hodapp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Urban","family":"Sester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Mack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahavir","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Meier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Wiech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Fisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Ehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Sester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00120908"},{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017813"},{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl416"},{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318081"},{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(199812)28:12<3949::AID-IMMU3949>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.8.3748-3755.2002"},{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00013409"},{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02279.x"},{"key":"2024102020593548000_40.1.152.9","unstructured":"Pannetier C Levraud JP Lim A . 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