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We review epithelial nitric oxide synthesis, release and measurement in the upper airways with particular reference to PCD. The key hypotheses that have been proposed to explain the low nitric oxide levels in this condition are explored and the potential benefits of augmenting airway nitric oxide levels are considered. Further work in these patients clarifying both whether the respiratory epithelium is able to biosynthesise normal levels of nitric oxide and the role played by abnormalities in the anatomy of the paranasal sinuses is essential. While nitric oxide augmentation is unlikely to be beneficial in common PCD phenotypes, it has potential in the treatment of secondary dyskinesias and may also improve treatment of bacterial infections, particularly where biofilms are implicated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00176111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,10]],"date-time":"2012-03-10T03:15:08Z","timestamp":1331349308000},"page":"1024-1032","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":113,"title":["Nitric oxide in primary ciliary dyskinesia"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Woolf T.","family":"Walker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire L.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Lackie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Hogg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane S.","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102021033927000_40.4.1024.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(03)01799-8"},{"key":"2024102021033927000_40.4.1024.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.12040982"},{"key":"2024102021033927000_40.4.1024.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.94.07081501"},{"key":"2024102021033927000_40.4.1024.4","first-page":"E829","article-title":", Billiar TR. 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