{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:27:13Z","timestamp":1791138433316,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2002,3,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Infants who recover from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced bronchiolitis are at high risk of developing asthma and recurrent wheezing. It is not known whether severe RSV infection itself causes persistent effects or is a marker of a \u201cwheezy\u201d predisposition. To determine the long-term immunological correlates of infantile bronchiolitis, interleukin (IL)\u20104 and interferon (IFN)\u2010\u03b3 responses to a panel of antigens were studied in a well-characterised cohort of 7\u20138\u2010yr-old children with a history of severe RSV bronchiolitis in infancy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 37 children who were hospitalised with RSV bronchiolitis in infancy and from 69 age-, sex- and location-matched controls were stimulated<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>with RSV, house-dust mite, birch and cat antigens. Cellular proliferation, and enzyme-linked immunoSPOT IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20104 production were measured.<\/jats:p><jats:p>IL\u20104 producing T\u2010cells responding to RSV and cat antigens were significantly more frequent in exbronchiolitics. Other responses (including the IFN\u2010\u03b3 response to RSV) were equally strong in exbronchiolitics and controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Respiratory syncytial virus infection primes memory T\u2010cells that make interferon\u2010\u03b3, but virus and aeroallergen-specific and interleukin\u20104 producing T\u2010cells are also frequently primed in bronchiolitics. Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy may increase the risk of allergic sensitisation by providing a local interleukin\u20104\u2010rich environment, in which airborne allergens are first encountered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00249902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T23:21:54Z","timestamp":1033514514000},"page":"376-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Enhanced IL\u20104 responses in children with a history of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in 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