{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T11:01:24Z","timestamp":1778324484063,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnostic significance of procalcitonin concentrations in lower respiratory tract infections and tuberculosis is not known. A prospective analysis was, therefore, performed in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and tuberculosis and their procalcitonin levels compared with those of patients with noninfectious lung diseases (controls). In addition, standard inflammatory parameter data were collected.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A prospective clinical study was performed with four different groups of patients and a control group that consisted of patients with noninfectious lung diseases. A total of 129 patients were included: 25 with HAP, 26 CAP, 26 AECB, 27 tuberculosis, and 25 controls. C-reactive protein level, blood cell counts and procalcitonin concentration were evaluated on the first day after onset of clinical and inflammatory symptoms prior to treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The median procalcitonin concentrations in HAP, CAP, AECB and tuberculosis were not elevated in relation to the cut-off level of 0.5\u2005ng\u00b7mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. In the HAP group, in four of five patients who subsequently died, procalcitonin concentrations of &gt;0.5\u2005ng\u00b7mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>were found. In acute lower respiratory infections, such as HAP, CAP and AECB, significantly elevated levels were found in comparison to the control group, but below the usual cut-off level. No differences were observed between tuberculosis and the control group.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Relative to the current cut-off level of 0.5\u2005ng\u00b7mL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, procalcitonin concentration is not a useful parameter for diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections. However, compared to the control group, there were significantly elevated levels in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis below the current cut-off level, which should be further investigated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00055103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,19]],"date-time":"2008-09-19T17:25:02Z","timestamp":1221845102000},"page":"939-943","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Procalcitonin as a diagnostic tool in lower respiratory tract infections and tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Polzin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Pletz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Erbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Raffenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Mauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Arndt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Lode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.11040986"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.at1010"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200009000-00008"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90277-N"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(97)90953-1"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.6","first-page":"S57","volume":"49","year":"2000","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.7","first-page":"676","volume":"113","year":"2001","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000007259"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.9","first-page":"439","volume":"3","year":"2001","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199704000-00009"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.11150\/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.73.197","volume":"73","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kansenshogaku Zasshi"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004230050170"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.13","first-page":"528","volume":"30","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singapore"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.2001.01673.x"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1385\/IJGC:28:1:41","volume":"28","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Pancreatol"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1003354","volume":"24","year":"1992","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.17","first-page":"812","volume":"46","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.18","first-page":"775","volume":"1","year":"1965","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-106-2-196","volume":"106","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2024101810180284000_21.6.939.20","unstructured":"Meisner M.. 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