{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T15:13:17Z","timestamp":1770217997687,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an inflammatory mediator that provokes neutropaenia, bronchoconstriction and gas exchange defects due to exudation of bulk plasma within the airways. While the inhibitory effects of short-acting \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010agonists on PAF\u2010induced disturbances have been consistently shown, those of long-acting \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010agonists are less convincing.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To further explore the mechanisms involved in PAF challenge in asthma, 12 patients (forced expiratory volume in one second, 90\u00b14% predicted) were investigated 2\u2005h after inhaled formoterol (18\u2005\u00b5g), in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design following PAF (18\u2005\u00b5g) inhalation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Compared with the placebo, at 5\u2005min, premedication with formoterol reduced PAF-induced cough and dyspnoea, and attenuated increased respiratory system resistance (by 67%) and arterial deoxygenation (by 50%). Likewise, ventilation-perfusion (<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\u2032<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>Q<\/jats:italic>\u2032) inequality improved, as reflected by the dispersion of pulmonary blood flow (by 63%) and an overall index of<jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\u2032<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>Q<\/jats:italic>\u2032 heterogeneity (by 71%). In contrast, PAF-induced facial flushing, neutropaenia and subsequent rebound neutrophilia remained unchanged.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The improvement in gas exchange abnormalities shown after platelet-activating factor in patients with asthma pretreated with formoterol at the recommended clinical dose may reflect, in addition to its class effects, an anti-exudative effect of formoterol in the airways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00057803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,5]],"date-time":"2004-01-05T22:39:37Z","timestamp":1073342377000},"page":"71-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Formoterol protects against platelet-activating factor-induced effects in asthma"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Gabrijelcic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Casas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.A.","family":"Rabinovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Roca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Barber\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.F.","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Roisin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0830127","volume":"83","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10061359"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116944","volume":"93","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.150.2.8049817","volume":"150","year":"1994","journal-title":"AmJ Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.98.11051098"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.14c22.x"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.53.12.1010"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.1.258"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.151.6.7767515","volume":"151","year":"1995","journal-title":"AmJ Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.1.9610100","volume":"156","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.47.11.948"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.1.7509246","volume":"149","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.49.8.815"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.14","unstructured":"Glenny R, Wagner PD, Roca J, Rodr\u00edguez-Roisin R. Gas exchange in health: rest, exercise, and aging In: Roca J, Rodr\u00edguez-Roisin R, Wagner PD, editors. Pulmonary and peripheral gas exchange in health and diseaseNew York, Marcel Dekker Inc., 2000;: pp.\u2005121\u2013148."},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00268802"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.16","first-page":"461","volume":"266","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.44.2.108"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.4.788"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.155.4.9105089","volume":"155","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.77.1.397","volume":"77","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00098102"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.22","first-page":"416","volume":"139","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.23","first-page":"323s","volume":"12","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15297.x","volume":"117","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.13e10.x"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01976751"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13855.x"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00542001"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.00251901"},{"key":"2024101810401674000_23.1.71.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199711133372001"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.03.00057803","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T05:41:38Z","timestamp":1740375698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.03.00057803"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/09031936.03.00057803"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.03.00057803","relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]]}}}