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The current authors hypothesised that the<jats:italic>\u2212308A<\/jats:italic>allele and<jats:italic>TNFB22<\/jats:italic>genotype would be associated with increased susceptibility to, and mortality in ARDS.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The above hypothesis was investigated in a nested case-control study of 441 Caucasian controls and 212 cases admitted to an intensive care unit with sepsis, trauma, aspiration or hyper-transfusions.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The<jats:italic>\u2212308A<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>TNFB1<\/jats:italic>alleles were in linkage disequilibrium. These polymorphisms were not associated with ARDS susceptibility on crude analysis. On subgroup analyses, they were associated with either increased or decreased odds of developing ARDS depending on whether the clinical risk for ARDS results in direct or indirect pulmonary injury. The<jats:italic>\u2212308A<\/jats:italic>allele was associated with increased 60-day mortality in ARDS, with the strongest association found among younger patients. There was no association between the<jats:italic>TNFB<\/jats:italic>polymorphism and ARDS mortality.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The \u2212<jats:italic>308GA<\/jats:italic>, but not the<jats:italic>TNFB12<\/jats:italic>, polymorphism was associated with increased mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome, but their association with acute respiratory distress syndrome susceptibility depended on the site of injury predisposing to acute respiratory distress syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00000505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,31]],"date-time":"2005-08-31T18:57:42Z","timestamp":1125514662000},"page":"382-389","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["<i>\u2212308GA<\/i>and<i>TNFB<\/i>polymorphisms in acute respiratory distress syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M. 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