{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T10:35:17Z","timestamp":1774521317499,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM)-1 are elevated in severe sepsis. However, it is not known whether sTREM-1 measurements can distinguish milder bacterial infections from noninfectious inflammation. The present authors studied whether serum sTREM-1 levels differ in community-acquired pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and controls, and whether sTREM-1 may be used as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Serum sTREM-1 levels in 150 patients with pneumonia, COPD and asthma exacerbations and 62 healthy controls were measured.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Serum sTREM-1 levels were significantly elevated in pneumonia (median 295.2\u2005ng\u00b7mL<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>), COPD (280.3\u2005ng\u00b7mL<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>) and asthma exacerbations (184.0\u2005ng\u00b7mL<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>) compared with controls (83.1\u2005ng\u00b7mL<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>). Levels were higher in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations than in type 2 and 3 COPD and asthma exacerbations. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for sTREM-1 as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics was 0.77.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 were elevated predominantly in pneumonia and Anthonisen type 1 COPD exacerbations<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>type 2 and 3 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations, asthma and controls. Serum levels of the soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 has moderate but insufficient accuracy as a surrogate marker for the need for antibiotics in lower respiratory tract infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00005606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,13]],"date-time":"2006-07-13T00:39:11Z","timestamp":1152751151000},"page":"695-702","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 in acute respiratory infections"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Phua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. S. C.","family":"Koay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. 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