{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T17:45:24Z","timestamp":1782668724133,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cholinergic antagonists have been used since the early 1900s as bronchodilators for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study investigated whether an oral muscarinic M3-selective anticholinergic agent (OrM3) would provide an improved therapeutic advantage compared with an inhaled anticholinergic agent in patients with COPD.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A 6-week, multicentre, randomised, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group study was performed at 56 sites in the USA. In total, 412 male and female patients (aged 35\u201386\u2005yrs) with a clinical history consistent with COPD were randomised to receive OrM3 0.5, 2, 3 or 4\u2005mg orally once daily, ipratropium bromide 36\u2005\u03bcg by inhalation four times daily or placebo.<\/jats:p><jats:p>OrM3 demonstrated a significant dose-related improvement in serial forced expiratory volume in one second and a trend for dose-related improvement in patient-reported symptoms compared with placebo. However, at a dose that provided efficacy less than that of ipratropium, the incidence of dose-related, mechanism-based side-effects for OrM3 exceeded those observed for ipratropium.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the oral M3-selective agent did not offer a therapeutic advantage over inhaled ipratropium. These results do not support the hypothesis that high selectivity for muscarinic M3 receptors over airway neuronal M2 receptors will represent a more effective therapy than current inhaled anticholinergics in obstructive airway disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00126005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,27]],"date-time":"2006-07-27T00:18:35Z","timestamp":1153959515000},"page":"772-780","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["An oral selective M3 cholinergic receptor antagonist in COPD"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. D.","family":"Parekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Kuznetsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. A.","family":"Tozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. F.","family":"Reiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.1","unstructured":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Morbidity & Mortality: 2004 chart book on cardiovascular, lung and blood diseases. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD. http:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/resources\/docs\/04_chtbk.pdf. Date last updated: May 2004. Date last accessed: September 2005"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.2","first-page":"1","volume":"51","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/3218"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520190043033"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2004.06.001"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00063198-200403000-00005"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.7","first-page":"565","volume":"50","year":"1995","journal-title":"Farmaco"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.8","first-page":"243","volume":"43","year":"1993","journal-title":"Agents Actions Suppl"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0896(99)00177-7"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000063278"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2005.12.072"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.54.7.581"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.13","first-page":"659","volume":"123","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-2456(01)00197-0"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(02)00589-9"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.42.10.773"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.158.11.1213"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.5.2101039"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-393X(00)80032-6"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.55.4.289"},{"key":"2025042223253923000_28.4.772.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2004.01.008"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.06.00126005","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T06:25:52Z","timestamp":1745389552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/09031936.06.00126005"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,26]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,29]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/09031936.06.00126005"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.06.00126005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-1936","1399-3003"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3003","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,26]]}}}