{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:32:26Z","timestamp":1790814746596,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,8]],"date-time":"2019-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.ersjournals.com\/user-licence"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011103","name":"Sixth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOOD-CT-2004-506378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOOD-CT-2004-506378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011103","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011103","name":"Sixth Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GA2LEN project (Global Allergy and Asthma European"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GA2LEN project (Global Allergy and Asthma European"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011103","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Flemish Scientific Research Board, FWO","award":["projects 1841713N, 35 G.039412N, G.067512N; BOF14\/"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["projects 1841713N, 35 G.039412N, G.067512N; BOF14\/"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009947","name":"Merck Sharp and Dohme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009947","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007772","name":"Agir pour les Maladies Chroniques","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007772","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Hospital program of clinical research (PHRC)- Paris, PHRC-Grenoble, national PHRC 2012"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["260895 (PREDICTA)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["260895 (PREDICTA)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evidence is accumulating that<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>plays an important role as disease modifier in upper and lower airway diseases. Sensitisation to<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>enterotoxins (SEs) was associated with an increased risk of severe asthma in previous cross-sectional studies, but evidence from longitudinal studies is lacking. We aimed to assess associations between SE-sensitisation and the subsequent risk for asthma severity and exacerbations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a nested case\u2013control study from the 20-year Epidemiological Study of the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA) cohort, including 225 adults (75 without asthma, 76 with mild asthma and 74 with severe asthma) in EGEA2 (2003\u20132007). For 173 of these individuals, SE-sensitisation was measured on samples collected 11\u2005years earlier (EGEA1). Cross-sectional associations were conducted for EGEA1 and EGEA2. Longitudinal analyses estimated the association between SE-sensitisation in EGEA1 and the risk of severe asthma and asthma exacerbations assessed in the follow-up. Models were adjusted for sex, age, smoking, parental asthma\/allergy and skin-prick test to house dust mite.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>SE-sensitisation varied between 39% in controls to 58% and 76% in mild and severe asthma, respectively, in EGEA1. An adjusted cross-sectional association showed that SE-sensitisation was associated with an increased risk of severe, but not for mild asthma. SE-sensitisation in EGEA1 was associated with severe asthma (adjusted OR 2.69, 95% CI 1.18\u20136.15) and asthma exacerbations (adjusted OR 4.59, 95% CI 1.40\u201315.07) assessed 10\u201320\u2005years later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>For the first time, this study shows that being sensitised to SEs is associated with an increased subsequent risk of severe asthma and asthma exacerbations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00198-2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,9]],"date-time":"2019-07-09T04:25:18Z","timestamp":1562646318000},"page":"1900198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Sensitisation to staphylococcal enterotoxins and asthma severity: a longitudinal study in the EGEA 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