{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:09:07Z","timestamp":1790802547868,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010482","name":"Fonds de Recherche en Sant\u00e9 Respiratoire","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012019","name":"Fondation du Souffle","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021716","name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021716","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Question<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dyspnoea persisting despite treatments of underlying causes requires symptomatic approaches. Medical hypnosis could provide relief without the untoward effects of pharmacological approaches. We addressed this question through experimentally induced dyspnoea in healthy humans (inspiratory threshold loading (excessive inspiratory effort) and carbon dioxide stimulation (air hunger)).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>20 volunteers (10 women, aged 21\u201340\u2005years) were studied on four separate days. The order of the visits was randomised in two steps: firstly, the \u201cinspiratory threshold loading first\u201d<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\u201ccarbon dioxide first\u201d group (n=10 in each group); secondly, the \u201cmedical hypnosis first\u201d<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\u201cvisual distraction first\u201d subgroup (n=5 in each subgroup). Each visit comprised three 5-min periods (reference, intervention, washout) during which participants used visual analogue scales (VAS) to rate the sensory and affective dimensions of dyspnoea, and after which they completed the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical hypnosis reduced both dimensions of dyspnoea significantly more than visual distraction (inspiratory threshold loading: sensory reduction after 5\u2005min 34% of full VAS<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>8% (p=0.0042), affective reduction 17.6%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>2.4% (p=0.044); carbon dioxide: sensory reduction after 5\u2005min 36.9%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>3% (p=0.0015), affective reduction 29.1%<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>8.7% (p=0.0023)). The Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile showed more marked sensory effects during inspiratory threshold loading and more marked affective effects during carbon dioxide stimulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Answer to the question<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical hypnosis was more effective than visual distraction at attenuating the sensory and affective dimensions of experimentally induced dyspnoea. This provides a strong rationale for clinical studies of hypnosis in persistent dyspnoea patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00485-2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T16:05:43Z","timestamp":1720713943000},"page":"2400485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Medical hypnosis mitigates laboratory dyspnoea in healthy humans: a randomised, controlled experimental trial"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Capucine","family":"Mor\u00e9lot-Panzini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Arveiller-Carvallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Rivals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Wattiez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6344-6913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Lavault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agn\u00e8s","family":"Brion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laure","family":"Serresse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1564-0046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Straus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9370-7301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-C\u00e9cile","family":"Ni\u00e9rat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Similowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102103311007000_64.3.2400485.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01159-2017"},{"key":"2024102103311007000_64.3.2400485.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carel H . Invisible suffering: the experience of breathlessness. In: \u0160kof L , Berndtson P , eds. Atmospheres of Breathing. Albany, NY, State University of New York Press, 2018. 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