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Evidence was inadequate for meropenem, imipenem and terizidone. For MDR-TB treatment, clarithromycin had no efficacy in two studies (risk difference (RD) \u22120.13, 95% CI \u22120.40\u20130.14) and amoxicillin\u2013clavulanate had no efficacy in two other studies (RD 0.07, 95% CI \u22120.21\u20130.35). The largest number of studies described prolonged use for treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Azithromycin was not associated with excess serious adverse events (SAEs). Clarithromycin was not associated with excess SAEs in eight controlled trials in HIV-infected patients (RD 0.00, 95% CI \u22120.02\u20130.02), nor in six uncontrolled studies in HIV-uninfected patients, whereas six uncontrolled studies in HIV-infected patients clarithromycin caused substantial SAEs (proportion 0.20, 95% CI 0.12\u20130.27).<\/jats:p><jats:p>For most group 5 drugs we found inadequate evidence of safety for prolonged use or for efficacy for MDR-TB, although macrolides appeared to be safe in prolonged use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00649-2015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]],"date-time":"2015-09-18T21:26:01Z","timestamp":1442611561000},"page":"1461-1470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Efficacy and safety of World Health Organization group 5 drugs for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Winters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Butler-Laporte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dick","family":"Menzies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102023413654000_46.5.1461.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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