{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:30:50Z","timestamp":1788449450772,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008349","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Intra Medic","award":["Non-financial support"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Non-financial support"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008366","name":"Danmarks Lungeforening","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007818","name":"Alere","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study was to determine reference equations for the combined measurement of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) (\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>LCONO<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). In addition, we wanted to appeal for consensus regarding methodology of the measurement including calculation of diffusing capacity of the alveolo-capillary membrane (\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and pulmonary capillary volume (\n                    <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>\n                    ).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>LCONO<\/jats:sub>\n                    was measured in 282 healthy individuals aged 18\u201397\u2005years using the single-breath technique and a breath-hold time of 5\u2005s (true apnoea period). The following values were used: 1) specific conductance of nitric oxide (\u03b8\n                    <jats:sub>NO<\/jats:sub>\n                    )=4.5\u2005mL\n                    <jats:sub>NO<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u00b7mL\n                    <jats:sub>blood<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7mmHg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; 2) ratio of diffusing capacity of the membrane for NO and CO (\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>mNO<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>mCO<\/jats:sub>\n                    )=1.97; and 3) 1\/red cell CO conductance (1\/\u03b8\n                    <jats:sub>CO<\/jats:sub>\n                    )=(1.30+0.0041\u00b7mean capillary oxygen pressure)\u00b7(14.6\/Hb concentration in g\u00b7dL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Reference equations were established for the outcomes of\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>LCONO<\/jats:sub>\n                    , including\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>LNO<\/jats:sub>\n                    and the calculated values\n                    <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Independent variables were age, sex, height and age squared.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>By providing new reference equations and by appealing for consensus regarding the methodology, we hope to provide a basis for future studies and clinical use of this novel and interesting method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00677-2015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,14]],"date-time":"2018-06-14T07:56:01Z","timestamp":1528962961000},"page":"1500677","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Reference equations for pulmonary diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide in adult Caucasians"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Mathias","family":"Munkholm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob Louis","family":"Marott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Bjerre-Kristensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flemming","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole Find","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00f8rge\u00a0G.","family":"Nordestgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jann","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1915.sp001710"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1957.11.2.290","article-title":"Relative importance of diffusion and chemical reaction rates in determining rate of exchange of gases in the human lung, with special reference to true diffusing capacity of pulmonary membrane and volume of blood in the lung capillaries","volume":"11","author":"Roughton","year":"1957","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(87)80036-1"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00240.2010"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.02010056","article-title":"A simultaneous single breath measurement of pulmonary diffusing capacity with nitric oxide and carbon monoxide","volume":"2","author":"Borland","year":"1989","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00082112"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00904.2009"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00786.2013"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487314528872","article-title":"Confusion in reporting pulmonary diffusing capacity for nitric oxide and the alveolar-capillary membrane conductance for nitric oxide","volume":"22","author":"Zavorsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Prevent Cardiol"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01455.2012"},{"key":"2024102100303409000_52.1.1500677.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Forster RE . 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