{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T12:20:07Z","timestamp":1789820407925,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of so-called \u201cgroup 5\u201d second-line drugs as a part of antibiotic therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is widely debated. We performed an individual patient data meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of several group 5 drugs including amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid, thioacetazone, the macrolide antibiotics, linezolid, clofazimine and terizidone for treatment of patients with MDR-TB.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Detailed individual patient data were obtained from 31 published cohort studies of MDR-TB therapy. Pooled treatment outcomes for each group 5 drug were calculated using a random effects meta-analysis. Primary analyses compared treatment success to a combined outcome of failure, relapse or death.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Among 9282 included patients, 2191 received at least one group 5 drug. We found no improvement in treatment success among patients taking clofazimine, amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid or macrolide antibiotics, despite applying a number of statistical approaches to control confounding. Thioacetazone was associated with increased treatment success (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1\u20136.1) when matched controls were selected from studies in which the group 5 drugs were not used at all, although this result was heavily influenced by a single study.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The development of more effective antibiotics to treat drug-resistant TB remains an urgent priority.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00993-2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,4]],"date-time":"2017-01-04T01:10:20Z","timestamp":1483492220000},"page":"1600993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Group 5 drugs for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: individual patient data meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Greg J.","family":"Fox","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Benedetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won-Jung","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piret","family":"Viiklepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shama","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey","family":"Pasvol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dick","family":"Menzies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102100172722000_49.1.1600993.1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 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