{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T02:25:06Z","timestamp":1782181506197,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"6","funder":[{"name":"Miller Foundation","award":["PhD Scholarship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PhD Scholarship"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Migration is a key driver of tuberculosis (TB) in many low-incidence settings, with the majority of TB cases attributed to reactivation of latent TB (LTBI) acquired overseas. A greater understanding of LTBI risk in heterogeneous migrant populations would aid health planning. We aimed to estimate the LTBI prevalence and distribution among locally born and overseas-born Australians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Annual risks of TB infection estimates were applied to population cohorts (by country of birth, year of arrival and age) in Australian census data in 2006, 2011 and 2016.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Both the absolute number and proportion of Australian residents with LTBI increased from 4.6% (interquartile range (IQR) 4.2\u20135.2%) in 2006 to 5.1% (IQR 4.7\u20135.5%) in 2016, due to the increasing proportion of the population born overseas (23.8% in 2006 to 28.3% in 2016). Of all residents estimated to have LTBI in 2016; 93.2% were overseas born, 21.6% were aged &lt;35\u2005years and 34.4% had migrated to Australia since 2007.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The overall prevalence of LTBI in Australia is low. Some residents, particularly migrants from high-incidence settings, may have considerably higher risk of LTBI, and these findings allow for tailored public health interventions to reduce the risk and impact of future TB disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01218-2018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]],"date-time":"2018-10-25T13:13:57Z","timestamp":1540473237000},"page":"1801218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Estimating the prevalence of latent tuberculosis in a low-incidence setting:\u00a0Australia"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Katie Dorothy","family":"Dale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James McCracken","family":"Trauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pete J.","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rein\u00a0M.G.J.","family":"Houben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin Timothy","family":"Denholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102100411889000_52.6.1801218.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E217","DOI":"10.33321\/cdi.2015.39.21","article-title":"Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 2012 and 2013","volume":"39","author":"Toms","year":"2015","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell Q Rep"},{"key":"2024102100411889000_52.6.1801218.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2968-2973.2003"},{"key":"2024102100411889000_52.6.1801218.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01952-10"},{"key":"2024102100411889000_52.6.1801218.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2010.01751.x"},{"key":"2024102100411889000_52.6.1801218.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0036","article-title":"Tuberculosis and latent tuberculous infection screening of migrants in Europe: comparative analysis of policies, surveillance systems and results","volume":"21","author":"Kunst","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"2024102100411889000_52.6.1801218.6","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 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