{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:29:14Z","timestamp":1787066954462,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012019","name":"Fondation du Souffle","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Survivors of severe-to-critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may have functional impairment, radiological sequelae and persistent symptoms requiring prolonged follow-up. This pragmatic study aimed to describe their clinical follow-up and determine their respiratory recovery trajectories, and the factors that could influence them and their health-related quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults hospitalised for severe-to-critical COVID-19 were evaluated at 3\u2005months and up to 12\u2005months post-hospital discharge in this prospective, multicentre, cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 485 enrolled participants, 293 (60%) were reassessed at 6\u2005months and 163 (35%) at 12\u2005months; 89 (51%) and 47 (27%) of the 173 participants initially managed with standard oxygen were reassessed at 6 and 12\u2005months, respectively. At 3\u2005months, 34%, 70% and 56% of the participants had a restrictive lung defect, impaired diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (\n                      <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and significant radiological sequelae, respectively. During extended follow-up, both\n                      <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>\n                      and forced vital capacity percentage predicted increased by means of +4 points at 6\u2005months and +6 points at 12\u2005months. Sex, body mass index, chronic respiratory disease, immunosuppression, pneumonia extent or corticosteroid use during acute COVID-19 and prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) were associated with\n                      <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>LCO<\/jats:sub>\n                      at 3\u2005months, but not its trajectory thereafter. Among 475 (98%) patients with at least one chest computed tomography scan during follow-up, 196 (41%) had significant sequelae on their last images.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although pulmonary function and radiological abnormalities improved up to 1\u2005year post-acute COVID-19, high percentages of severe-to-critical disease survivors, including a notable proportion of those managed with standard oxygen, had significant lung sequelae and residual symptoms justifying prolonged follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  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