{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:55:20Z","timestamp":1791831320185,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are complex and overlapping diseases that include inflammatory phenotypes. Novel anti-eosinophilic\/anti-neutrophilic strategies demand rapid inflammatory phenotyping, which might be accessible from exhaled breath.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Our objective was to capture clinical\/inflammatory phenotypes in patients with chronic airway disease using an electronic nose (eNose) in a training and validation set.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This was a multicentre cross-sectional study in which exhaled breath from asthma and COPD patients (n=435; training n=321 and validation n=114) was analysed using eNose technology. Data analysis involved signal processing and statistics based on principal component analysis followed by unsupervised cluster analysis and supervised linear regression.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Clustering based on eNose resulted in five significant combined asthma and COPD clusters that differed regarding ethnicity (p=0.01), systemic eosinophilia (p=0.02) and neutrophilia (p=0.03), body mass index (p=0.04), exhaled nitric oxide fraction (p&lt;0.01), atopy (p&lt;0.01) and exacerbation rate (p&lt;0.01). Significant regression models were found for the prediction of eosinophilic (R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=0.581) and neutrophilic (R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=0.409) blood counts based on eNose. Similar clusters and regression results were obtained in the validation set.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Phenotyping a combined sample of asthma and COPD patients using eNose provides validated clusters that are not determined by diagnosis, but rather by clinical\/inflammatory characteristics. eNose identified systemic neutrophilia and\/or eosinophilia in a dose-dependent manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01817-2017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T01:11:18Z","timestamp":1515719478000},"page":"1701817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Clinical and inflammatory phenotyping by breathomics in chronic airway diseases irrespective of the diagnostic label"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Rianne","family":"de Vries","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yennece 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