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We hypothesised that exercise training will decrease the severity of OSA and CSA in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) by decreasing daytime leg fluid accumulation and overnight rostral fluid shift.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Patients with CAD and OSA or CSA (apnoea\u2013hypopnoea index &gt;15\u2005events per h) were randomised to 4\u2005weeks of aerobic exercise training or to a control group. Polysomnography, with measurement of leg, thoracic and neck fluid volumes and upper-airway cross-sectional area (UA-XSA) before and after sleep, was performed at baseline and follow-up.<\/jats:p><jats:p>17 patients per group completed the study. Apnoea\u2013hypopnoea index decreased significantly more in the exercise group than in the control group (31.1\u00b112.9 to 20.5\u00b19.4<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>28.1\u00b113.5 to 27.0\u00b115.1\u2005events per h, p=0.047), in association with a greater reduction in the overnight change in leg fluid volume (579\u00b1222 to 466\u00b1163<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>453\u00b1164 to 434\u00b1141\u2005mL, p=0.04) and by a significantly greater increase in the overnight change in UA-XSA in the exercise group (p=0.04).<\/jats:p><jats:p>In patients with CAD and sleep apnoea, exercise training decreases sleep apnoea severity<jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>attenuation of overnight fluid shift and an increase in UA-XSA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01897-2015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,14]],"date-time":"2016-04-14T05:49:45Z","timestamp":1460612985000},"page":"142-150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Effects of exercise training on sleep apnoea in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomised trial"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Monique","family":"Mendelson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen D.","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azadeh","family":"Yadollahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Inami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. 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