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We developed a co-culture model using COPD and control-derived airway epithelial cells (AECs) and lung fibroblasts to understand the mediators that are involved in remodelling and inflammation in COPD.<\/jats:p><jats:p>AECs and fibroblasts obtained from COPD and control lung tissue were grown in co-culture with fetal lung fibroblast or human bronchial epithelial cell lines. mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory mediators, pro-fibrotic molecules and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins were assessed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Co-culture resulted in the release of pro-inflammatory mediators interleukin (IL)-8\/CXCL8 and heat shock protein (Hsp70) from lung fibroblasts, and decreased expression of ECM molecules (<jats:italic>e.g.<\/jats:italic>collagen, decorin) that was not different between control and COPD-derived primary cells. This pro-inflammatory effect was mediated by epithelial-derived IL-1\u03b1 and increased upon epithelial exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). When exposed to CSE, COPD-derived AECs elicited a stronger IL-1\u03b1 response compared with control-derived airway epithelium and this corresponded with a significantly enhanced IL-8 release from lung fibroblasts.<\/jats:p><jats:p>We demonstrate that, through IL-1\u03b1 production, AECs induce a pro-inflammatory lung fibroblast phenotype that is further enhanced with CSE exposure in COPD, suggesting an aberrant epithelial\u2013fibroblast interaction in COPD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01911-2015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,15]],"date-time":"2016-07-15T00:07:42Z","timestamp":1468541262000},"page":"359-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Interleukin-1\u03b1 drives the dysfunctional cross-talk of the airway epithelium and lung fibroblasts in COPD"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Emmanuel T.","family":"Osei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacobien A.","family":"Noordhoek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tillie L.","family":"Hackett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita I.R.","family":"Spanjer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirkje S.","family":"Postma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"Timens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corry-Anke","family":"Brandsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene H.","family":"Heijink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102100080858000_48.2.359.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pathol.4.110807.092145"},{"key":"2024102100080858000_48.2.359.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804752"},{"key":"2024102100080858000_48.2.359.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2013-0348TR"},{"key":"2024102100080858000_48.2.359.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00193810"},{"key":"2024102100080858000_48.2.359.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2013.77"},{"key":"2024102100080858000_48.2.359.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI32526"},{"key":"2024102100080858000_48.2.359.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murray AL , Darryl AK , Laurent J . 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