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We analysed data of 658 volunteers from the S\u00e3o Paulo Epidemiologic Sleep Study (EPISONO), a cohort study of individuals aged 20\u201380\u2005years, collected through polysomnography, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and an assessment of cardiometabolic profile.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Active subjects had a lower risk of developing OSA compared with nonactive subjects (relative risk 0.877, 95% CI 0.296\u20130.855) and there was a reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in active\/apnoeic subjects (relative risk 0.493, 95% CI 0.252\u20130.961) compared with nonactive subjects. Metabolic equivalent was negatively associated to cardiometabolic markers, such as C-reactive protein (exp(<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>)=0.720; p=0.001), interleukin-6 (exp(<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>)=0.991; p=0.03), insulin (exp(<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>)=0.982; p=0.03), triglycerides (exp(<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>)=0.997; p&lt;0.001), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (exp(<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>)\u22640.946; p&lt;0.024), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (exp(<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>)=992.4; p&lt;0.001) and mean arterial pressure (exp(<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>)=0.987; p=0.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Physical activity was a protective factor against type 2 diabetes mellitus in apnoeic individuals; moreover, being active reduced the risk of developing OSA and was associated with a better cardiometabolic profile.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01972-2017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,9]],"date-time":"2018-08-09T15:25:33Z","timestamp":1533828333000},"page":"1701972","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Physical activity as a moderator for obstructive sleep apnoea and cardiometabolic risk in the EPISONO study"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Marcos","family":"M\u00f4nico-Neto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna Karen","family":"Moreira Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e2nia","family":"D'Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Altay","family":"Alves\u00a0Lino\u00a0de\u00a0Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lia Rita","family":"Azeredo Bittencourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Tufik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200608-1190PP"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.14.1906"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2014.09.011"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0110-2016"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.05.015","article-title":"Effect of exercise training on sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"116","author":"Aiello","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-009-0311-1"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.7","first-page":"121","article-title":"Exercise training effect on obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"3","author":"Norman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sleep Res Online"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.5078","article-title":"Physical inactivity is associated with moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"11","author":"Simpson","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1422","article-title":"The effect of exercise training on obstructive sleep apnea and sleep quality: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"34","author":"Kline","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2007.03.003"},{"key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/144.3_Pt_1.494"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"2024102100345066000_52.4.1701972.12","first-page":"779","article-title":"Korperliches Training bei Patienten mit Schlafapnoe. 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