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This multicentre phase II trial aimed to assess feasibility, efficacy and safety of first-line carboplatin plus pemetrexed (CaP) followed by pemetrexed (P) maintenance in people living with HIV (PLHIV) with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Four cycles of CaP were followed by P-maintenance therapy in patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status \u22642. The primary objective was a disease control rate (DCR) \u226530% after 12\u2005weeks.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Of the 61 PLHIV enrolled, 49 (80%) had a performance status of 0\u20131, and 19 (31%) had brain metastases. Median CD4 lymphocyte count was 418\u2005cells\u00b7\u00b5L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>(range 18\u20131230), median CD4 lymphocyte nadir was 169.5\u2005cells\u00b7\u00b5L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>(1\u2013822); 48 (80%) patients were virologically controlled. Four-cycle inductions were achieved by 38 (62%) patients, and 31 (51%) started P-maintenance (median of 4.1 cycles (range 1\u201319)). The 12-week DCR was 50.8% (95% CI 38.3\u201363.4) and partial response rate 21.3%. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3.5 (95% CI 2.7\u20134.4) and 7.6\u2005months (5.7\u201312.8), respectively. Patients with a performance status of 0\u20131 had the longest median progression-free survival (4.3\u2005months, 95% CI 3.1\u20135.2) and overall survival (11.9\u2005months, 95% CI 6.4\u201314.3). During induction, CaP doublet was well tolerated apart from grade 3\u20134 haematological toxicities (neutropenia 53.8%; thrombocytopenia 35.0%; anaemia 30.0%). Two fatal treatment-related sepses were reported. No opportunistic infections were experienced.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In PLHIV with advanced NS-NSCLC, first-line four-cycle CaP induction followed by P-maintenance was effective and reasonably well-tolerated. Further studies should evaluate combination strategies of CaP with immunotherapy in PLHIV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02066-2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]],"date-time":"2020-05-22T18:29:26Z","timestamp":1590172166000},"page":"1902066","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["First-line carboplatin plus pemetrexed with pemetrexed maintenance in HIV-positive patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: the phase II IFCT-1001 CHIVA trial"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Armelle","family":"Lavole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5807-9503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"Greillier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Mazi\u00e8res","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Monnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lize","family":"Kiakouama-Maleka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Quantin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Philippe","family":"Spano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herve","family":"Lena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Fraisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henri","family":"Janicot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clarisse","family":"Audigier-Valette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Langlais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Morin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2817-8444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alain","family":"Makinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Cadranel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102101543061000_56.2.1902066.1","unstructured":"Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents . 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