{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T15:30:45Z","timestamp":1790523045699,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir J"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this study was to estimate the burden of disease in incident patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD).<\/jats:p><jats:p>A sample of 7\u200a073\u200a357 anonymised persons covered by German public statutory health insurances was used to identify patients with NTM-PD. In total, 125 patients with newly diagnosed NTM-PD in 2010 and 2011 were matched with 1250 control patients by age, sex and Charlson Comorbidity Index, and followed for 39\u2005months.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The incidence rate for NTM-PD was 2.6 per 100\u200a000 insured persons (95% CI 2.2\u20133.1). The mortality rate for patients with NTM-PD and the control group in the observational period was 22.4% and 6%, respectively (p&lt;0.001). Mean direct expenditure per NTM-PD patient was \u20ac39\u200a559.60 (95% CI 26\u200a916.49\u201352\u200a202.71), nearly 4-fold (3.95, 95% CI 3.73\u20134.19) that for a matched control (\u20ac10\u200a006.71, 95% CI 8907.24\u201311\u200a106.17). Hospitalisations were three times higher in the NTM-PD group and accounted for 63% of the total costs. Attributable annual direct costs and indirect work-loss costs in NTM-PD patients were \u20ac9093.20 and \u20ac1221.05 per control patient, respectively. Only 74% of NTM-PD patients received antibiotics and nearly 12% were prescribed macrolide monotherapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Although NTM-PD is considered rare, the attributable mortality and financial burden in Germany are high. 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