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Following identification of genetic factors underlying different clinical phenotypes, increased understanding of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell immunology, which is believed to be central to sarcoid pathogenesis, as well as the role of B-cells and other cells bridging innate and adaptive immunity, contributes to novel insights into the mechanistic pathways influencing disease resolution or chronicity. Hopefully, new perspectives and state-of-the-art technology will help to shed light on the still-elusive enigma of sarcoid aetiology. This perspective article highlights a number of recent advances in the search for antigenic targets in sarcoidosis, as well as the main arguments for sarcoidosis as a spectrum of autoimmune conditions, either as a result of an external (microbial) trigger and\/or due to defective control mechanisms regulating the balance between T-cell activation and inhibition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.021532018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T12:20:18Z","timestamp":1555590018000},"page":"1802153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Moving target: shifting the focus to pulmonary sarcoidosis as an autoimmune spectrum 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