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The prevalence and impact of comorbidities on the clinical course of IPF is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This systematic literature review examined the prevalence of comorbidities and mortality associated with comorbidities in IPF patients. Relevant observational studies published in English from January 1990 to January 2015 identified\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    MEDLINE and EMBASE were included; bibliographies of articles were also searched.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Among the 126 studies included, prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) was 3\u201386%, 6\u201391% for obstructive sleep apnoea, 3\u201348% for lung cancer and 6\u201367% for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nonrespiratory comorbidities included ischaemic heart disease (IHD) (3\u201368%) and gastro-oesophageal reflux (GER) (0\u201394%). Mortality was highest among patients with IPF and lung cancer. Most studies assessed relatively small samples of patients with IPF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>PH, COPD, lung cancer, GER and IHD are significant comorbidities; differences in IPF severity, case definitions and patient characteristics limited the comparability of findings. The identification and prompt treatment of comorbidities may have a clinically significant impact on overall outcome that is meaningful for patients with IPF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02316-2014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T17:04:21Z","timestamp":1443719061000},"page":"1113-1130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":398,"title":["Comorbidities in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients: a systematic literature review"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Ganesh","family":"Raghu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria C.","family":"Amatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Behr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Stowasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2009-040GL"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60052-4"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.10.1158-a"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00037005"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.4.2393"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-2306"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-2776"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201110-1842ED"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(13)70105-X"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201101-0138OC"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0538"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00038709"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200703-463PP"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-126-5-199703010-00006"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.2.ats3-00"},{"key":"2024101817374778000_46.4.1113.17","unstructured":"Phillips B , Ball C , Sacket D , et al. 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