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Cytotoxic T-cells are implicated in COPD, but their involvement in BPD is not known.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterise the distribution of airway T-cell subsets in adults with a history of BPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Young adults with former BPD (n=22; median age 19.6\u2005years), age-matched adults born preterm (n=22), patients with allergic asthma born at term (n=22) and healthy control subjects born at term (n=24) underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). T-cell subsets in BAL were analysed using flow cytometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The total number of cells and the differential cell counts in BAL were similar among the study groups. The percentage of CD3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cells was higher (p=0.005) and the proportion of CD3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cells was reduced (p=0.01) in the BPD group, resulting in a lower CD4\/CD8 ratio (p=0.007) compared to the healthy controls (median 2.2\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      5.3). In BPD and preterm-born study subjects, both CD3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD4\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cells (r\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      =0.38, p=0.03) and CD4\/CD8 ratio (r\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      =0.44, p=0.01) correlated positively with forced expiratory volume in 1\u2005s (FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). Furthermore, CD3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cells were negatively correlated with both FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      and FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/forced vital capacity (r\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      = \u22120.44, p=0.09 and r\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      = \u22120.41, p=0.01, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Young adults with former BPD have a T-cell subset pattern in the airways resembling features of COPD. Our findings are compatible with the hypothesis that CD3\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      CD8\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      T-cells are involved in mechanisms behind chronic airway obstruction in these patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02531-2021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T12:36:39Z","timestamp":1645706199000},"page":"2102531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Increased cytotoxic T-cells in the airways of adults with former bronchopulmonary dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2715-2683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"Um-Bergstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melvin","family":"Pourbazargan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Brundin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marika","family":"Str\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Ezerskyte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Berggren Brostr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8248-0663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik","family":"Mel\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5sa M.","family":"Wheelock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Lind\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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