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However, recent evidence has raised questions about the benefits of positive airway pressure therapy in ameliorating comorbidities.<\/jats:p><jats:p>An international expert group considered the current state of knowledge based on the most relevant publications in the previous 5\u2005years, discussed the current challenges in the field, and proposed topics for future research on epidemiology, phenotyping, underlying mechanisms, prognostic implications and optimal treatment of patients with OSA.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The group concluded that a revision to the diagnostic criteria for OSA is required to include factors that reflect different clinical and pathophysiological phenotypes and relevant comorbidities (<jats:italic>e.g.<\/jats:italic>nondipping nocturnal blood pressure). Furthermore, current severity thresholds require revision to reflect factors such as the disparity in the apnoea\u2013hypopnoea index (AHI) between polysomnography and sleep studies that do not include sleep stage measurements, in addition to the poor correlation between AHI and daytime symptoms such as sleepiness. Management decisions should be linked to the underlying phenotype and consider outcomes beyond AHI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02616-2017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]],"date-time":"2018-05-31T12:25:31Z","timestamp":1527769531000},"page":"1702616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":231,"title":["Challenges and perspectives in obstructive sleep apnoea"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Winfried","family":"Randerath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio L.","family":"Bassetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria R.","family":"Bonsignore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon","family":"Farre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Ferini-Strambi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludger","family":"Grote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Hedner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malcolm","family":"Kohler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel-Angel","family":"Martinez-Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Mihaicuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Montserrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"Pepin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Pevernagie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Pizza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olli","family":"Polo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Riha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silke","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Verbraecken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter T.","family":"McNicholas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102100282262000_52.3.1702616.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00959-2016"},{"key":"2024102100282262000_52.3.1702616.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15015","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.15","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Levy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2024102100282262000_52.3.1702616.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.96.09010117"},{"key":"2024102100282262000_52.3.1702616.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00027406"},{"key":"2024102100282262000_52.3.1702616.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09059180.00003413"},{"key":"2024102100282262000_52.3.1702616.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1606599"},{"key":"2024102100282262000_52.3.1702616.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201601-0088OC","article-title":"Effect of positive airway pressure on cardiovascular outcomes in coronary artery disease patients with nonsleepy obstructive sleep apnea. 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