{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T03:57:20Z","timestamp":1785902240164,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"167","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir Rev"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endobronchial stenting is an important aspect of the practice of interventional pulmonology. The most common indication for stenting is the management of clinically significant airway stenosis. The list of endobronchial stents available on the market continues to grow. More recently, patient-specific 3D-printed airway stents have been approved for use. Airway stenting should be considered only when all other options have been exhausted. Due to the environment of the airways and the stent\u2013airway wall interactions, stent-related complications are common. Although stents can be placed in various clinical scenarios, they should only be placed in scenarios with proven clinical benefit. The unwarranted placement of a stent can expose the patient to complications with little or no clinical benefit. This article reviews and outlines the key principles of endobronchial stenting and important clinical scenarios in which stenting should be avoided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0189-2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T09:45:23Z","timestamp":1678268723000},"page":"220189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Forbearance with endobronchial stenting: cognisance before conviction"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1123-1704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sameer K.","family":"Avasarala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Dutau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul C.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.12.001","article-title":"Metallic endobronchial stents: a contemporary resurrection","volume":"155","author":"Avasarala","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.08.1035","article-title":"Forbearance with bronchoscopy: a review of gratuitous indications","volume":"155","author":"Deshwal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1159\/000480152","article-title":"Current practice of airway stenting in the adult population in Europe: a survey of the European Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology (EABIP)","volume":"95","author":"Dutau","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.21037\/acs.2018.03.08","article-title":"Airway stents","volume":"7","author":"Folch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1159\/000489669","article-title":"Application of 3D printing for patient-specific silicone stents: 1-year follow-up on 2 patients","volume":"96","author":"Gildea","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1159\/000442054","article-title":"Biodegradable airway stents \u2013 bench to bedside: a comprehensive review","volume":"90","author":"Dutau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1586\/17476348.2014.880055","article-title":"The use of self-expandable metallic stents in the airways in the adult population","volume":"8","author":"Dutau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med"},{"issue":"Suppl. 4","key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.8","first-page":"S415","article-title":"Training program of interventional pulmonology fellowships: USA","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.9","unstructured":"American Association for Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology . IP Fellowship Program Contact Information. www.aabronchology.org\/ip-fellowship-program-contact-information. Date last accessed: 15 June 2022."},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.10","unstructured":"Maslow AH . The Psychology of Science: a Reconnaissance. New York, Harper & Row, 1966."},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1721461","article-title":"Long-term success of metal endobronchial stents in lung transplant recipients","volume":"70","author":"Izhakian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michaud G . Malignant central airway obstruction. In: Ernst A , Herth FJF , eds. Principles and Practice of Interventional Pulmonology. New York, Springer New York, 2013; pp. 259\u2013268.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-4292-9_25"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.07.27"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2019-000429"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000624","article-title":"A prospective outcome assessment after bronchoscopic interventions for malignant central airway obstruction","volume":"27","author":"Mohan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-1530"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-1526"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.02.001"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.1.202"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000808","article-title":"Therapeutic rigid bronchoscopy intervention for malignant central airway obstruction improves performance status to allow systemic treatment","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1159\/000506601","article-title":"Impact of silicone stent placement in symptomatic airway obstruction due to non-small cell lung cancer \u2013 a French multicenter randomized controlled study: the SPOC trial","volume":"99","author":"Dutau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e318237c8e6"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.23","first-page":"1038","article-title":"Endobronchial findings of fibrosing mediastinitis","volume":"48","author":"Manali","year":"2003","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.949180"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1177\/1358863X19884130","article-title":"A review of endovascular stenting for superior vena cava syndrome in fibrosing mediastinitis","volume":"25","author":"Deshwal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.26","first-page":"752","article-title":"Respiratory failure due to expiratory central airway collapse","volume":"52","author":"Murgu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.174.6.724","article-title":"Tracheal collapse versus tracheobronchomalacia: normal function versus disease","volume":"174","author":"Baram","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2521081958"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13578","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.13578","article-title":"Effect of bilateral lung transplantation on excessive dynamic airway collapse","volume":"33","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1159\/000450961","article-title":"Short-term use of uncovered self-expanding metallic airway stents for severe expiratory central airway collapse","volume":"92","author":"Majid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1412-104","article-title":"Is silicone stent insertion a clinically useful option for tracheobronchomalacia?","volume":"46","author":"Dalar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2708"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000346","article-title":"Our experience on silicone Y-stent for severe COPD complicated with expiratory central airway collapse","volume":"24","author":"Ozgul","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.07.026"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.110.5.1155"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00049809"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02042-7"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"doz087","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doz087","article-title":"Utility of stent double palliation for esophageal cancer with airway involvement: the extremis of care","volume":"33","author":"Roseira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000422","article-title":"Clinical success stenting distal bronchi for \u2018lobar salvage\u2019 in bronchial stenosis","volume":"25","author":"Sethi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201310-1863PP"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000673","article-title":"Utility and safety of airway stenting in distal airways stenosis after lung transplant","volume":"27","author":"DiBardino","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000364","article-title":"Covered balloon-expanding stents in airway stenosis","volume":"24","author":"Majid","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-21-2003","article-title":"Safety of hybrid bronchial stents in transplant airway complications: a single center experience","volume":"14","author":"Sinha","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000466","article-title":"Lobar airway stents: proceed with caution","volume":"25","author":"Shepherd","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2018.01.1309","article-title":"ISHLT consensus statement on adult and pediatric airway complications after lung transplantation: definitions, grading system, and therapeutics","volume":"37","author":"Crespo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2007.01.025"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.02.021","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of airway complications following lung transplantation","volume":"152","author":"Mahajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.6.1894"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00041909"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.11.43","article-title":"Idiopathic subglottic stenosis: a review","volume":"12","author":"Aravena","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.3022","article-title":"Comparative treatment outcomes for patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis","volume":"146","author":"Gelbard","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.01.094"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.6.1653"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-20-2475","article-title":"Efficacy of external fixation of a straight silicone stent in the treatment of subglottic stenosis","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Palliat Med"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2009.02.049"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3070","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2018.05.140","article-title":"Application of the Montgomery T-tube in subglottic tracheal benign stenosis","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.57","first-page":"749","article-title":"Bronchoscopic management of benign stenosis","volume":"11","author":"Shapshay","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest Surg Clin N Am"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200401000-00011"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.210062"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1180"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ernst A , Herth FJ . Principles and Practice of Interventional Pulmonology. New York, Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-4292-9"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.6.1669"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.63","first-page":"997","article-title":"[Placement of an expandable metallic stent (Ultraflex) for tracheobronchial stenosis in relapsing polychondritis]","volume":"44","author":"Takagi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.64","first-page":"328","article-title":"[Placement of an ultraflex nitinol stent for severe tracheobronchial obstruction in a case of relapsing polychondritis]","volume":"43","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.02.039","article-title":"Long-term outcome of metallic stenting for central airway involvement in relapsing polychondritis","volume":"108","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4651","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.09.139","article-title":"Airway stent complications: the role of follow-up bronchoscopy as a surveillance method","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.127.6.2106"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000101","article-title":"Complex metallic stent removal: decade after deployment","volume":"21","author":"Khemasuwan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000635","article-title":"Flexible bronchoscopic deployment of a silicone bronchial stent","volume":"27","author":"Gesthalter","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000322","article-title":"Removal of self-expanding metallic stents","volume":"23","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200410-1388OC"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000794","article-title":"Use of self-expanding metallic Y stent in the United States: first report","volume":"29","author":"Iravani","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000447","article-title":"Executive summary of training and competence standards for the Interventional Pulmonology Master Program in Italy","volume":"25","author":"Corbetta","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.74","unstructured":"American Association for Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology . IP Fellowship Program Contact Information. 2022. https:\/\/aabronchology.org\/education\/fellowships\/. Date last accessed: 16 March 2022."},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.01.024","article-title":"Interventional pulmonology fellowship accreditation standards: executive summary of the Multisociety Interventional Pulmonology Fellowship Accreditation Committee","volume":"151","author":"Mullon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.76","unstructured":"Interventional Pulmonary Reaches Accreditation from the ACGME. 2020. https:\/\/medicine-matters.blogs.hopkinsmedicine.org\/2022\/09\/interventional-pulmonary-reaches-accreditation-from-the-acgme\/. Date last accessed: 26 July 2022."},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.21037\/amj.2019.01.05","article-title":"3D printing for airway disease","volume":"4","author":"Alraiyes","year":"2019","journal-title":"AME Med J"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201611-2361IM","article-title":"Treatment of post-transplant complex airway stenosis with a three-dimensional, computer-assisted customized airway stent","volume":"195","author":"Guibert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2018.06.049","article-title":"Patient-specific, 3-dimensionally engineered silicone Y-stents in tracheobronchomalacia: clinical experience with a novel type of airway stent","volume":"156","author":"Schweiger","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2018-212732"},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.81","unstructured":"Cleveland Clinic . FDA Approves 3D-printed Airway Stents Developed by Cleveland Clinic Doctor. 2020. https:\/\/newsroom.clevelandclinic.org\/2020\/01\/08\/fda-approves-3d-printed-airway-stents-developed-by-cleveland-clinic-doctor\/. Date last accessed: 12 May 2021."},{"key":"2024102404101837000_32.167.220189.82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1159\/000479164","article-title":"Towards individualized tracheobronchial stents: technical, practical and legal considerations","volume":"94","author":"Freitag","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respiration"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/16000617.0189-2022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T05:05:42Z","timestamp":1740373542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/16000617.0189-2022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/16000617.0189-2022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/16000617.0189-2022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-9180","1600-0617"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-9180","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0617","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]}}}