{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T00:55:43Z","timestamp":1794444943486,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"167","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir Rev"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequent manifestation of connective tissue disease (CTD) with substantial variability in prevalence and outcomes reported across CTD subtypes. This systematic review summarises the prevalence, risk factors and ILD patterns on chest computed tomography of CTD-ILD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive search was performed in Medline and Embase to identify eligible studies. Meta-analyses were completed using a random effects model to determine the pooled prevalence of CTD-ILD and ILD patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>11\u2009582 unique citations were identified with 237 articles included. Pooled prevalence of ILD was 11% in rheumatoid arthritis (95% CI 7\u201315%), 47% in systemic sclerosis (44\u201350%), 41% in idiopathic inflammatory myositis (33\u201350%), 17% in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (12\u201321%), 56% in mixed connective tissue disease (39\u201372%) and 6% in systemic lupus erythematosus (3\u201310%). Usual interstitial pneumonia was the most prevalent ILD pattern in rheumatoid arthritis (pooled prevalence of 46%), while nonspecific interstitial pneumonia was the most common ILD pattern in all other CTD subtypes (pooled prevalence range 27\u201376%). Across all CTDs with available data, positive serology and higher inflammatory markers were risk factors for development of ILD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified substantial variability in ILD across CTD subtypes suggesting that CTD-ILD is too heterogenous to be considered a single entity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T04:45:32Z","timestamp":1678250732000},"page":"220210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":258,"title":["Prevalence, imaging patterns and risk factors of interstitial lung disease in connective tissue disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Greta M.","family":"Joy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6024-9030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omri A.","family":"Arbiv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen K.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey D.","family":"Lok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola A.","family":"Adderley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof M.","family":"Dobosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1205-5511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerri A.","family":"Johannson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Ryerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4830","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10214830","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in connective tissue diseases: survival patterns in a population-based cohort","volume":"10","author":"Hyldgaard","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-020-00383-w","article-title":"Connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease: prevalence, patterns, predictors, prognosis, and treatment","volume":"198","author":"Jeganathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h6819"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201308-1483ST"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.5","unstructured":"Wells GA , Shea B , O'Connell D , et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomised studies in meta-analyses. www.ohri.ca\/\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp Date last accessed: 17 October 2022."},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-3258-72-39","article-title":"Metaprop: a Stata command to perform meta-analysis of binomial data","volume":"72","author":"Nyaga","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00092309"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2321030174"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120313"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-019-04906-6","article-title":"Characteristics of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome associated interstitial lung disease and relevant features of disease progression","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reuma.2016.10.007","article-title":"Undifferentiated connective tissue disease and interstitial lung disease: Trying to define patterns","volume":"14","author":"Alberti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3390\/antib5010002","article-title":"Autoantibodies in SLE: specificities, isotypes and receptors","volume":"5","author":"Dema","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antibodies"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00363","article-title":"Predictors and mortality of rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: a series of 474 patients","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"2024102404104162000_32.167.220210.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-018-0433-3","article-title":"Clinical features and outcome of patients with acute respiratory failure revealing anti-synthetase or anti-MDA-5 dermato-pulmonary syndrome: a French multicenter retrospective study","volume":"8","author":"Vuillard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intensive Care"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:05:43Z","timestamp":1740355543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022","relation":{"has-part":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/16000617.0210-2022.supp1","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["0905-9180","1600-0617"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-9180","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0617","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]}}}