{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T03:04:35Z","timestamp":1775012675628,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"179","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["publications.ersnet.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur Respir Rev"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pleural malignancies pose a significant clinical challenge due to their poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) is an emerging modality that has shown promise in treating primary pleural cancers when used with cytoreductive surgery (CRS), but its efficacy in treating pleural malignancies other than mesothelioma remains underexplored. This review aims to evaluate recent advancements in HITHOC use for nonmesothelioma pleural cancers and provide insights into its potential clinical applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive Boolean search was conducted using PubMed\/Medline and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies on the use of HITHOC for nonmesothelioma pleural cancers. Studies exclusively focused on pleural mesothelioma were excluded. Findings were summarised to address key questions regarding HITHOC's effectiveness, integration with other therapies and obstacles to its broader use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HITHOC, when combined with CRS, could prolong overall and progression-free survival and reduce complication and mortality rates in patients with advanced pleural cancers. Advances in chemo-immunotherapy, the evolution of minimally invasive techniques and the emergence of precision surgery hold significant promise in the treatment of pleural malignancies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the challenges associated with HITHOC, including protocol variability and technical complexity, future research using larger, multinational datasets is essential to support its broader application and to identify patient-specific characteristics that enhance its efficacy in treating pleural cancers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0213-2025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T09:30:16Z","timestamp":1771407016000},"page":"250213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Present and future of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for pleural metastases: a narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Amro","family":"Hajja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miral","family":"Atout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rasoul","family":"Turko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haadi","family":"Syed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Duarte D'Ambrosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo Mingarini","family":"Terra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Abdulhaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Nardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcello Carlo","family":"Ambrogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Lucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Robaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waleed","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"AlKattan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6272-8983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcello","family":"Migliore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16142513","article-title":"The role of hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) in thoracic tumors","volume":"16","author":"Danuzzo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.21037\/amj-2019-mpe-07","article-title":"Pleural carcinosis caused by extrathoracic malignancies","volume":"6","author":"Migliore","year":"2021","journal-title":"AME Med J"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.3","first-page":"595","article-title":"The treatment of malignant pleural effusion with permanent indwelling pleural catheters","volume":"119","author":"Hofmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4580","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13184580","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITOC) after cytoreductive surgery for pleural malignancies\u2013a retrospective, multicentre study","volume":"13","author":"Ried","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo.2019.01.36","article-title":"Status of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3901","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2021-0317","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy in thoracic surgical oncology: future challenges of an exciting procedure","volume":"17","author":"Migliore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.7","first-page":"3944","article-title":"Selective lethal effect of supranormal temperatures on human neoplastic cells","volume":"36","author":"Giovanella","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.8","first-page":"253","article-title":"Hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion system in canines","volume":"40","author":"Spratt","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.72.3.937"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-024-04727-8","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of cisplatin in the systemic versus hyperthermic intrathoracic or intraperitoneal chemotherapy","volume":"95","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.12.037"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.21037\/vats-22-62","article-title":"A narrative review of video-assisted debulking surgery and hyperthermic intraoperative thoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) for malignant pleural mesothelioma","volume":"8","author":"Migliore","year":"2023","journal-title":"Video-Assist Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.14.256","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intrapleural chemotherapy for malignant pleural diseases: preliminary experience","volume":"11","author":"Migliore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259779","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1259779","article-title":"Outcome after cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy in patients with secondary pleural metastases","volume":"13","author":"Hassan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.15","first-page":"497","article-title":"Standardizing surgical treatment in malignant pleural mesothelioma","volume":"1","author":"Rice","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2017.12.131","article-title":"Macroscopic complete resection is not associated with improved survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma","volume":"155","author":"Batirel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.32205"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12496"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0018-2019"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-6514","article-title":"A narrative review of hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for advanced lung cancer","volume":"9","author":"Song","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.21","first-page":"ivad083","article-title":"Optimism with caution for patients with advanced thymoma and thymic carcinoma","volume":"36","author":"Migliore","year":"2023","journal-title":"Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930715)72:2<426::AID-CNCR2820720218>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2009.225110"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2013.01.010","article-title":"Intrapleural hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy in subjects with metastatic pleural malignancies","volume":"107","author":"I\u015f\u0131k","year":"2013","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3367","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6491","article-title":"EGFR kinase domain mutation positive lung cancers are sensitive to intrapleural perfusion with hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC) complete treatment","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.06.04","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of cytoreductive surgery combined with intrapleural perfusion of hyperthermic chemotherapy in advanced lung adenocarcinoma with pleural dissemination","volume":"8","author":"Yi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1569-9293(03)00197-X"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.05.025","article-title":"Intrapleural hyperthermic perfusion with chemotherapy increases apoptosis in malignant pleuritis","volume":"78","author":"Matsuzaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.04.65","article-title":"Intrapleural perfusion thermo-chemotherapy for pleural effusion caused by lung carcinoma under VATS","volume":"9","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.05.25","article-title":"Clinical factors affecting the survival of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer and metastatic malignant pleural effusion, treated with hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy or chemical talc pleurodesis: a monocentric, prospective, randomized trial","volume":"11","author":"Kleontas","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12071","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39211-5","article-title":"Efficacy of hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for initially diagnosed lung cancer with symptomatic malignant pleural effusion","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.32","first-page":"2643","article-title":"Effect of thoracic hyperthermic perfusion with recombinant human endostatin plus nedaplatin in treating pleural effusion in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J BUON"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3448","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16203448","article-title":"Enhancing intrapleural hyperthermic chemotherapy for lung cancer: insights from 3D and PDX models","volume":"16","author":"Shin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)01017-8"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s13193-018-0859-y","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) for pleural malignancies-experience from Indian centers","volume":"10","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdv277"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S41347","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intrapleural chemotherapy to treat thymoma or thymic carcinoma with pleural dissemination","volume":"6","author":"Yu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.38","first-page":"ivad032","article-title":"Surgical cytoreduction and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for thymic tumours with pleural spread is effective on survival: results from the multicentre German hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy study","volume":"36","author":"Ried","year":"2023","journal-title":"Interdiscip Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivaa019","article-title":"Surgical treatment of pleural recurrence of thymoma: is hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy worthwhile?","volume":"30","author":"Aprile","year":"2020","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-022-12461-9","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) for pleural disseminated thymoma: a systematic literature review","volume":"30","author":"Vandaele","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.2.480"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1137","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.11.70","article-title":"Intra-thoracic chemo-hyperthermia for pleural recurrence of thymomas","volume":"9","author":"Maury","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.21037\/med-25-8","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) in stage IVA thymomas: a narrative review","volume":"9","author":"Mendogni","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mediastinum"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.10.013"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20011015)92:8<2197::AID-CNCR1563>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.46","first-page":"161","article-title":"Extended surgical resections of advanced thymoma Masaoka stages III and IVa facilitate outcome","volume":"62","author":"Ried","year":"2014","journal-title":"Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5175","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60386-0","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy in thymic epithelial tumors with pleural spread or recurrence: a prospective, single-arm, phase II study","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-015-0025-z","article-title":"Important prognostic factors for survival in patients with malignant pleural effusion","volume":"15","author":"Zamboni","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1111\/1759-7714.14361","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for the treatment of malignant pleural effusion caused by breast and ovarian cancer: a systematic literature review and pooled analysis","volume":"13","author":"Karampinis","year":"2022","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9126","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-021-10298-2","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for patients with intrapleural dissemination of peritoneal surface malignancies","volume":"28","author":"Nikiforchin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5532","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005532","article-title":"Effect of hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) on the malignant pleural effusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.15761\/ICST.1000198","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery and heated intrathoracic chemotherapy for thoracic extension of pseudomyxoma peritonei","volume":"3","author":"Doyle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Integr Cancer Sci Therap"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02523654"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1080\/02656736.2022.2104938","article-title":"Pleural decortication and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for pseudomyxoma","volume":"39","author":"Proesmans","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Hyperthermia"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2020.04.114","article-title":"Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic chemotherapy for intrathoracic pseudomyxoma peritonei","volume":"110","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.56","first-page":"362","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy combined to iterative cytoreductive surgery to treat a pleural carcinosis from psudomixoma peritonei. A case report","volume":"25","author":"Lococo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atssr.2024.04.022","article-title":"Cytoreduction and hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy for metastatic pseudomyxoma peritonei","volume":"2","author":"Matzek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg Short Rep"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.IJA_825_18","article-title":"Perioperative management of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraoperative thoraco-abdominal chemotherapy (HITAC) for pseudomyxoma peritonei","volume":"63","author":"Solanki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.59","first-page":"561","article-title":"Ovarian cancer: an overview","volume":"91","author":"Penny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiol Technol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.2017.60.3.308","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy with cisplatin for ovarian cancer with pleural metastasis","volume":"60","author":"Jun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Sci"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gore.2020.100638","article-title":"Cytoreduction with hyperthermic intra peritoneal and intra thoracic chemotherapy for metastatic Sertoli\u2013Leydig cell tumor of the ovary","volume":"34","author":"Larsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol Rep"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14050455","article-title":"Successful implementation of HITOC and HIPEC in the management of advanced ovarian carcinoma with pleural and peritoneal carcinomatosis","volume":"14","author":"Moldovan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.63","first-page":"153","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy (HITHOC) in ovarian carcinoma \u2013 a propos of a case","volume":"23","author":"Stojiljkovic","year":"2018","journal-title":"J BUON"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.5858\/2005-129-1428-RAUOUP","article-title":"Review and update of uncommon primary pleural tumors: a practical approach to diagnosis","volume":"129","author":"Granville","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.11.005"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2017-0537-RA","article-title":"The diagnosis of pleural tumors other than mesothelioma","volume":"142","author":"Attanoos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-024-03367-9","article-title":"Extensive surgical resections for rare pleural neoplasms: a single-center experience with a yolk sac tumor and synovial sarcoma","volume":"22","author":"Vandaele","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105093","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.21362","article-title":"Intrapleural targeted therapies (anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR) in the model of malignant pleural effusion","volume":"8","author":"Acencio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/crj.13010","article-title":"Intrapleural immunotherapy: an update on emerging treatment strategies for pleural malignancy","volume":"13","author":"Murthy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Respir J"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-5855","article-title":"Narrative review of theoretical considerations regarding HITHOC between past and future","volume":"9","author":"Molnar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-24-0245","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy modulates the immune microenvironment of pleural mesothelioma and improves the impact of dual immune checkpoint inhibition","volume":"13","author":"Hao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e16685","article-title":"Comparison of video-assisted pleurectomy\/decortication surgery plus hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy with VATS talc pleurodesis for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma: a pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Migliore","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e54","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(24)00253-4","article-title":"Further insights into MARS 2","volume":"12","author":"Migliore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/ASO.2003.03.022"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.21322","article-title":"Perioperative management of patients with cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal carcinomatosis","volume":"100","author":"Schmidt","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-6221","article-title":"Perioperative anaesthetic management of patients undergoing thoracic cytoreductive surgery and HITHOC","volume":"9","author":"Unigarro-Londo\u00f1o","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.77","first-page":"301","article-title":"Implementation of Hyperthermic Intrathoracic Chemotherapy (HITHOC) in Germany","volume":"143","author":"Ried","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zentralbl Chir"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.04.6813"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2020.05.033","article-title":"Acute kidney injury after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraoperative cisplatin chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma","volume":"161","author":"Hod","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25726","article-title":"Adequate nephroprotection reduces renal complications after hyperthermic intrathoracic chemotherapy","volume":"120","author":"Markowiak","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5064","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-23-454","article-title":"Hyperthermic intrapleural chemotherapy: an update","volume":"15","author":"Campany","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"2026033102051807000_35.179.250213.82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2020-0279","article-title":"Making precision surgical strategies a reality: are we ready for a paradigm shift in thoracic surgical oncology?","volume":"16","author":"Migliore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Future Oncol"}],"container-title":["European Respiratory Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/16000617.0213-2025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T09:05:44Z","timestamp":1774947944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/16000617.0213-2025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/16000617.0213-2025"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/16000617.0213-2025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0905-9180","1600-0617"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0905-9180","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0617","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}}}