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This review highlights key challenges and research priorities for addressing the health needs of an ageing CF population. A growing body of evidence underscores the heightened risks of cancers, cardiovascular diseases and changing nutritional and metabolic profiles as pwCF age. CFTR modulators have improved clinical outcomes, but their effects on inflammation, immunity and long-term disease trajectories remain incompletely understood. Nutritional management, particularly the implications of obesity and body composition, poses new challenges, as does the potential accelerated ageing of immune and pulmonary systems in CF. Emerging issues such as menopause in females with CF, lifetime antimicrobial resistance and the interplay between chronic inflammation and ageing further complicate the care landscape. The review emphasises the urgent need for multidisciplinary research programmes that integrate clinical, patient and community perspectives. 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