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Liquid nitrogen metered cryospray, bronchial rheoplasty and balloon desobstruction all aim to destroy the hyperplastic goblet cells and excess submucous glands using different strategies. These therapies are in an early phase of clinical research and larger randomised controlled trials are needed to confirm the pilot data available and to evaluate the treatment durability. The fourth technique, targeted lung denervation (TLD), aims to decrease the release of acetylcholine, which regulates smooth muscle tone and mucus production by ablating the parasympathetic nerves running alongside the main bronchi. Evaluation of this treatment is at a more advanced stage and promising effects on exacerbation frequency have been shown. However, confirmation of the benefit in improvement in chronic bronchitis symptoms is still needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0281-2020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,20]],"date-time":"2021-01-20T09:10:22Z","timestamp":1611133822000},"page":"200281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["New bronchoscopic treatment modalities for patients with chronic bronchitis"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8765-9673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorine E.","family":"Hartman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin L.","family":"Garner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9052-4638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pallav L.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9555-3422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk-Jan","family":"Slebos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.17821"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.6261"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(13)70047-X","article-title":"Endobronchial coils for the treatment of severe emphysema with hyperinflation (RESET): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"1","author":"Shah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1507807"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201803-0590OC"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60001-0"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201707-1327OC"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201607-1383OC"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.9","first-page":"CD012158","article-title":"Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction procedures for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"2","author":"van Agteren","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00205614"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61050-7"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000110","article-title":"The IBV Valve trial: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial of endobronchial therapy for severe emphysema","volume":"21","author":"Wood","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2886"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)00045-X","article-title":"Segmental volume reduction using thermal vapour ablation in patients with severe emphysema: 6-month results of the multicentre, parallel-group, open-label, randomised controlled STEP-UP trial","volume":"4","author":"Herth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201701-0218PP"},{"key":"2024102403522792000_30.159.200281.16","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) . 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