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Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common pulmonary manifestation of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases and CTDs. Particular diseases, such as systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory myopathies, frequently associate with ILD and high-risk patients should be screened. Antibody profiling and imaging characteristics should be used to prognosticate where possible, along with regular surveillance to ensure therapies are optimised. Immunosuppressive therapies can be effective for patients with CTD-associated ILD, but difficulties arise in distinguishing between treatment failures and complications of immunosuppression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.0166-2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T08:25:33Z","timestamp":1750148733000},"page":"240166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease: a rheumatologist's perspective"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"\u00c1ine","family":"Connerton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eoghan","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Durcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025061701251024000_21.2.240166.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201903-0486OC"},{"key":"2025061701251024000_21.2.240166.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kex077","article-title":"Progression and mortality of interstitial lung disease in mixed connective tissue disease: a long-term observational nationwide cohort study","volume":"57","author":"Reiseter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2025061701251024000_21.2.240166.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-016-9896-x","article-title":"Assessment of mortality in autoimmune myositis with and without associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"194","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"2025061701251024000_21.2.240166.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4830","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10214830","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in connective tissue diseases: survival patterns in a population-based cohort","volume":"10","author":"Hyldgaard","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2025061701251024000_21.2.240166.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30933-9"},{"key":"2025061701251024000_21.2.240166.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40130","article-title":"Short-term pulmonary function trends are predictive of mortality in interstitial lung disease associated with systemic sclerosis","volume":"69","author":"Goh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025061701251024000_21.2.240166.7","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) . 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