{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T02:30:51Z","timestamp":1790303451312,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"European Respiratory Society (ERS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ersjournals.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Breathe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Advanced respiratory disease imposes a greater symptom burden than many cancers but not does have comparable recognition of the need for supportive and palliative care or the infrastructure for its systematic delivery. Consequently, many people with advanced respiratory disease (and those closest to them) have a poor quality of life, disabled by chronic breathlessness, fatigue and other symptoms. They are socially isolated by the consequences of long-term illness and are often financially impoverished. The past decade has seen an increasing realisation that care for this group must improve and that symptom management must be prioritised. Clinical guidelines recommend person-centred care, including access to supportive and palliative care as needed, as part of standard medical practice. Advanced lung disease clinics and specialist breathlessness services (pioneered within palliative care) are developing within respiratory medicine services but are provided inconsistently.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This review covers the comprehensive assessment of the patient with advanced respiratory disease, the importance of supporting carers and the current best practice in the management of breathlessness, fatigue and cough. It also suggests ways to incorporate person-centred care into the general respiratory clinic, assisted by better liaison with specialist palliative and primary care. Emerging evidence shows that excellent symptom management leads to better clinical outcomes and reduces inappropriate use of emergency medical services.<\/jats:p><jats:sec><jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"><jats:list-item><jats:p>People living with advanced respiratory disease and severe chronic breathlessness (and those closest to them) have a poor quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Chronic breathlessness is a disabling symptom, and acute-on-chronic\/episodic breathlessness is frightening to experience and observe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Chronic breathlessness imposes profound physical limitations and psychosocial burdens on those suffering from it or living with someone experiencing it.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Fatigue and cough are two other cardinal symptoms of advanced respiratory disease, with very detrimental effects on quality of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>The impact of all these symptoms can be alleviated to a variable extent by a predominantly non-drug complex intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Many of the interventions are delivered primarily by allied health or nursing professionals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Doctors, nurses and other health professionals also need to play an active part in promoting quality of life as part of excellent medical care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>A person-centred, psychologically informed approach is needed by all clinicians treating patients with advanced respiratory disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Educational aims<\/jats:title><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"><jats:list-item><jats:p>To give specialist respiratory clinicians practical clinical tools to help improve the quality of life of their patients with advanced respiratory disease and chronic breathlessness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>To outline the evidence base for these interventions with reference to definitive sources.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>To highlight the importance of person-centred care in people with respiratory disease at all stages of illness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.0200-2019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T12:25:12Z","timestamp":1567340712000},"page":"198-215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/ers-crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Improving the quality of life of people with advanced respiratory disease and severe breathlessness"],"prefix":"10.1183","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Booth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam J.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"81","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.1","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD. 2017. Available from: https:\/\/goldcopd.org"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30045-5","article-title":"COPD health-care delivery: a holistic and dynamic approach is needed","volume":"4","author":"Wouters","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30327-6","article-title":"Complexities of care in COPD","volume":"389","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32127-X","article-title":"Palliative care and management of troublesome symptoms for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"390","author":"Maddocks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.5","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Chronic Respiratory Diseases. www.who.int\/respiratory\/en\/"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2016-209908"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2019.01.012","article-title":"Acute-on-chronic breathlessness: recognition and response","volume":"57","author":"Hutchinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2012.02.022"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2007.11.008"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951503030499"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farquhar M . Supporting informal carers. In: Bausewein C , Currow DC , Johnson MJ , eds. Palliative Care in Respiratory Disease (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2016; pp. 51\u201369.","DOI":"10.1183\/2312508X.10011315"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.12","unstructured":"The Gold Standards Framework Proactive Identification Guidance. 6th Edn. 2016. www.goldstandardsframework.org.uk\/cd-content\/uploads\/files\/PIG\/NEW%20PIG%20-\u200b%20%20%2020.1.17%20KT%20vs17.pdf"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.13","unstructured":"Health Education England. Person-Centred Care. www.hee.nhs.uk\/our-work\/person-centred-care"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.14","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute. NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-terms\/def\/supportive-care"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(02)00440-2"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0194-2"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70226-7","article-title":"An integrated palliative and respiratory care service for patients with advanced disease and refractory breathlessness: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"2","author":"Higginson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Booth S , Burkin J , Moffat C , et al. Managing Breathlessness in Clinical Practice. London, Springer, 2014.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-4754-1"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bausewein C , Currow DC , Johnson MJ , eds. Palliative Care in Respiratory Disease (ERS Monograph). Sheffield, European Respiratory Society, 2016.","DOI":"10.1183\/2312508X.erm7316"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.20","unstructured":"Booth S , Chin C , Spathis A , et al. Non-pharmacological interventions for breathlessness in people with cancer. Expert Rev Qual Life Cancer Care 2018; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/\u202823809000.2018.1524708."},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-015-2810-x"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00031114"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30142-9","article-title":"The growing problem of loneliness","volume":"391","author":"Cacioppo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Booth S , Ryan R , Clow A , et al. Enhancing well-being and building resilience in people living with cancer part 2: a central role for nurses. Cancer Nursing Practice 2018; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7748\/cnp.2018.e1596.","DOI":"10.7748\/cnp.2018.e1596"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.1.ats898"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02277-2016"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.27","unstructured":"Moosavi S , Booth S . The Cambridge BIS Manual. Cambridge, Breathlessness Intervention Service, 2011. Available from www.cuh.nhs.uk\/breathlessness-intervention-service-bis\/resources\/practical-tools"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001367","article-title":"Symptom perception, placebo effects, and the Bayesian brain","volume":"160","author":"Ongaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02238-2017"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201111-2042ST"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.31","unstructured":"Comroe JH Jr . Some theories of the mechanisms of dyspnoea. In: Howell JBL , Campbell EJM , eds. Breathlessness. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific, 1966; pp. 1\u20135."},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2008.07.012"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.121.5.1434"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01029-2017"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216315579836"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)79050-4"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41533-017-0024-z","article-title":"The Breathing, Thinking, Functioning clinical model: a proposal to facilitate evidence-based breathlessness management in chronic respiratory disease","volume":"27","author":"Spathis","year":"2017","journal-title":"NPJ Prim Care Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7234.572"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/00002820-199308000-00008","article-title":"The experience of dyspnea in late-stage cancer. Patients\u2019 and nurses\u2019 perspectives","volume":"16","author":"Roberts","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-017-3928-9","article-title":"Unpredictable episodic breathlessness in patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: a qualitative study","volume":"26","author":"Linde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201306-169ST"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.42","unstructured":"de Silva D . Helping People Help Themselves. London, The Health Foundation, 2011."},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01477-2017"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.013917"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2016-001245.138"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.46","first-page":"CD012683","article-title":"Respiratory interventions for breathlessness in adults with advanced diseases","volume":"6","author":"Bolzani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.47","first-page":"CD003793","article-title":"Pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"2","author":"McCarthy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00262-2017"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216319835393","article-title":"Airflow relieves chronic breathlessness in people with advanced disease: an exploratory systematic review and meta-analyses","volume":"33","author":"Swan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14076","DOI":"10.1038\/npjpcrm.2014.76","article-title":"\u201cThe COPD breathlessness manual\u201d: a randomised controlled trial to test a cognitive-behavioural manual versus information booklets on health service use, mood and health status, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"24","author":"Howard","year":"2014","journal-title":"NPJ Prim Care Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.51","first-page":"CD005623","article-title":"Non-pharmacological interventions for breathlessness in advanced stages of malignant and non-malignant diseases","volume":"2","author":"Bausewein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.52","first-page":"CD012682","article-title":"Cognitive-emotional interventions for breathlessness in adults with advanced diseases","volume":"6","author":"Bolzani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.53","first-page":"CD012684","article-title":"Physical interventions for breathlessness in adults with advanced diseases","volume":"6","author":"Bolzani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00102-2017"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E114","DOI":"10.25011\/cim.v36i3.19721","article-title":"\u201cINSPIRED\u201d approaches to better care for patients with advanced COPD","volume":"36","author":"Rocker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Invest Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2018-211589"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972317721557","article-title":"Breathlessness services as a new model of support for patients with respiratory disease","volume":"15","author":"Bausewein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chron Respir Dis"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2018.07.010","article-title":"Extended-release morphine for chronic breathlessness in pulmonary arterial hypertension \u2013 a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study","volume":"56","author":"Ferreira","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2007.01519.x"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-1753"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/745047"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.62","first-page":"CD011008","article-title":"Opioids for the palliation of refractory breathlessness in adults with advanced disease and terminal illness","volume":"3","author":"Barnes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2010.11.021"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.116699"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.65","first-page":"CD007354","article-title":"Benzodiazepines for the relief of breathlessness in advanced malignant and non-malignant diseases in adults","volume":"10","author":"Simon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2017.1305896","article-title":"Non-opioid medications for the relief of chronic breathlessness: current evidence","volume":"11","author":"Barbetta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1904190","article-title":"No shortcuts to safer opioid prescribing","volume":"380","author":"Dowell","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g445"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01270-2018"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)00097-7","article-title":"Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease beyond the lungs","volume":"4","author":"Vanfleteren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7489(96)00032-6"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.72","first-page":"CD002990","article-title":"Self management for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"3","author":"Zwerink","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-1485","article-title":"Overview of the management of cough: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report","volume":"146","author":"Irwin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2016-208843"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60776-4"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200607-892OC"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3403"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31793-8","article-title":"Pharmacological treatments for generalised anxiety disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"393","author":"Slee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.1.60"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2011-201183"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11234"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-010213-115205"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0177081","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177081","article-title":"Six key topics informal carers of patients with breathlessness in advanced disease want to learn about and why: MRC phase I study to inform an educational intervention","volume":"12","author":"Farquhar","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000070","article-title":"Correlates between basic science and therapeutic interventions: the theory and the practice","volume":"8","author":"Ryan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Support Palliat Care"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Booth S , Ryan R , Clow A , et al. Enhancing well-being and resilience in people living with cancer. Part 1. Cancer Nursing Practice 2018; https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7748\/cnp.2018.e1484.","DOI":"10.7748\/cnp.2018.e1484"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daruna JH . Introduction to Psychoneuroimmunology. 2nd\u00a0Edn. Elsevier, 2012.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-382049-5.00001-2"},{"key":"2024101703443898000_15.3.198.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2013-000629"}],"container-title":["Breathe"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1183\/20734735.0200-2019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T11:20:25Z","timestamp":1729164025000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/publications.ersnet.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1183\/20734735.0200-2019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1183\/20734735.0200-2019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/20734735.0200-2019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1810-6838","2073-4735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1810-6838","type":"print"},{"value":"2073-4735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}}}